This thesis has taken a close look at nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as a treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders, using evidence from meta-analyses, experimental work, and clinical studies. By combining these sources, it has tried to present a clear picture of how NSAIDs work, when they are most useful, and what risks come with their longer-term use. They are effective in relieving pain and stiffness and, in some cases, can improve mobility, which explains why they continue to be recommended despite ongoing concerns. At the same time, their long-term use is limited by problems that are now well documented. These problems include gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding, cardiovascular risks, and liver and renal complications. The risks are not uniform, as they tend to be greater in elderly patients, pregnant women, and those with pre-existing comorbidities, which makes clinical decisions less straightforward. Alongside these, a range of experimental approaches has emerged, such as dual COX/5-LOX inhibitors, nitric oxide– or hydrogen sulfide–donating derivatives, and nanoparticle-based delivery systems. While most of these are still under investigation, they suggest possible ways of retaining efficacy while reducing harm.