This essay has three chapters, in the first one, it summarizes the main facts about the Vietnam War. It also contains a detailed information about the social and political problems of South Vietnam. It examines the US political and public attitudes towards the War, and the formation of public opinion by manipulative, ideologist propaganda. The text provides critical opinions from scholars, as well as a review of President Lyndon B. Johnson's 1965 speech at Johns Hopkins University, in the second chapter. There are information about the Pentagon Papers as well. In the last chapter, the My Lai Massacre, is described briefly, and a characterization of the US soldiers is provided, who carried it out.