Lung cancer, also termed Bronchogenic carcinoma as it usually begins in the bronchi, is the leading cause of cancer mortality globally, with an approximation of 1.6 million deaths each year. Treatment options range from surgical resection, chemotherapy, radio-frequency ablation, adjuvant radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy (Such as Epidermal growth factor inhibitors), immuno- oncology therapy, etc. The evolution of these drugs attributed to genetic and biomarker testing such as Epidermal Growth Factor Inhibitors (EGFR), and other anti-cancer agents are redefining the outcome of treatment of NSCLC, aiming at a general improvement of the survival rates and quality of life. This thesis aims to provide an adequate comprehension of NSCLC, possible effective & current pharmacological therapeutic interventions, and its targeted approach for individual patients.