Acute limb ischemia (ALI) occurs when there is a sudden reduction in limb perfusion due to an occlusion of peripheral arterial obstruction. The aim of the thesis is to give a brief overview on acute lower limb ischemia-reperfusion injury, involving etiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic possibilities, also highlighting the processes and consequences of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the background. Without early diagnosis and management, a patient with an embolic cause for an ischemic leg is at higher risk of death due to related underlying cardiac diseases, whereas a patient with a thrombotic cause is more likely to receive limb amputation.