Asthma affects the airways and is a multifactorial, chronic, inflammatory illness. The primary characteristics of asthma are different degrees of airflow restriction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in addition to the underlying chronic airway inflammation. Asthma persists to be the most common chronic disease in the world and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite the lack of a clear cause, risk factors have been identified, and gene-environment interactions are important. Asthma is typically characterized based on severity and/or etiology after a diagnosis. Around 80% of instances of persistent asthma are immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated or allergic asthma, the most prevalent type of asthma. A multifaceted approach is required for the long-term management of asthma, including avoiding environmental triggers that could result in bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation, keeping track of changes in the disease's activity, and, on occasion, using allergen immunotherapy and medications. The goals of managing and treating asthma can be divided into two categories: controlling the condition and lowering the risk of complications from the disease and the medications being used. Asthma therapy should be personalized and modified in a continuous cycle of assessment, treatment adjustment, and review rather than being "one size fits all." All international guidelines recommend treating asthma patients in a stepwise manner, which involves "stepping up" medication when asthma control is not achieved or maintained for a sufficient amount of time and "stepping down" treatment when there is sufficient asthma control and, ideally, no exacerbations.