This thesis examines the various aspects of American society both in the late 20th century and in the last few decades as well as their overlapping features with the socio-political reality of Margaret Atwood’ The Handmaid’s Tale (1985) and its TV series adaptation (2017-). The first section of my paper explores the 1980s’ United States with regard to the status of women, the infertility crisis of the 1980s and its outcomes, as well as the moral dimensions of women’s reproductive decisions in the context of Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, highlighting the close relationship between the literary dystopia and the atmosphere which triggered Atwood to create it. The subsequent part of my thesis focuses on particular aspects of Donald J. Trump’s presidency such as misogyny, anti-gay propaganda, the systematic limitation of women’s reproductive rights, and women’s use of The Handmaid’s Tale iconography to resist against oppression in order to shed light upon the seemingly ever-present danger of the United States’ turning into a more modern, yet no less daunting version of Gilead.