A nearly square shaped layout covered with frames in both directions. A study of comparison with the usual one directional frame.
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In this thesis we will focus and deal with the study of a nearly square shaped layout steel frame structure, where the steel frames are arranged and placed in both directions which is known as the bidirectional steel frame, rather than the usual one direction steel frame which is known as the unidirectional steel frame. The main purpose of this work is to check whether such a system can be practical for buildings with large spans. The check will be done for a range of 20-24 meters, where trusses and bracings in X-shape will be both positioned in both directions (Bidirectional) where trusses and bracings are known for their overall behavior in steel halls. This topic is chosen because most common layouts use the one direction steel frame (Unidirectional). There is less discussion on the possible advantages of frames in both directions, which we are going to talk about. For us to study this problem, the work focuses on the design of a sports hall as a case study. The building type was selected because it involves medium to large span structures and includes several practical requirements. Such as an entrance door from the front view of the building which is common for an easy and comfortable entrance plus an emergency exit on the right-side view in the end corner of the building in case of unexpected scenarios which will help in the evacuation of the building. Windows are also placed on both left and right side of the building just below the roof to allow sunlight to enter the building. The analysis of the structure is carried out and done on the AxisVM software. Where different kinds of loads will be acting on the structure, Dead load, Snow load, Wind load and Thermal load will be considered and followed later by the unconsidered loads such as imperfection load, earthquake load and fire design. Cross sections will also be determined for each member in the structure using the AxisVM software. In addition to that, the software also shows us the behavior of the internal forces, stresses, displacement and critical utilization. Alongside the AxisVM software work, calculations on Smath studio and Detailed drawings will be carried out and prepared using AutoCAD software to show different kinds of connections such as beam to column, base joint and crest. Roof bracing drawing will be added to the plan as well as the trusses connection. The aim of this thesis is not only to model and analyze the bidirectional layout but also to compare it with the conventional unidirectional layout system to see if the bidirectional arrangement may give any benefits in terms of structural behavior and stability.