The field of antidepressant pharmacology evolved very much with the ongoing research and technological advances, my theories explored the current aspects of it, from understanding its biological and pathological causes to investigating novel therapies. Despite the progress of research, depression remains a complex disorder that requires continuous innovation and exploration. 8.1 Key Findings and Implications for Clinical Practice Antidepressant treatments evolved from early medications like SSRIs and SNRIs to advanced therapies like the ones targeting neuroplasticity and genetic factors. Classical antidepressants remain essential and popular despite their limitations, such as delayed effects and side effects. Fast-acting drugs like ketamine changed TRD therapy. Additional novel therapies targeting the glutamic system are highly being researched. Additionally, gene-editing and epigenetic tools deal with depression from its biological roots, offering new possibilities for depression treatment and antidepressant development. As depression treatment advances, we have to make sure healthcare providers stay informed and up to date about emerging therapies and novel ones, incorporating them into the treatment plan and investigating their effectiveness. This would help patients get better treatment and a better experience and increase treatment management and success. 8.2 Recommendations for Future Research Despite progress, we still have much to learn. Long term studies and research are needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of fast-acting treatments like ketamine and psychedelicassisted therapies, in addition to research on personalized medicine. Research focusing on how genetic and biological markers can guide treatment decisions is also essential. In summary, the future of depression treatment depends on ongoing research, new discoveries, and improved clinical care where collaborations between researchers, psychiatrists, care providers, and 28 mental health specialists is needed to ensure that patients are receiving the well-rounded care that they deserve.