The Purpose of this essay was to present the neurobiological factors in language teaching and second language acquisition. Throughout this essay we drew up the biology of learning and memorization, the cerebral as well as cellular functions and other factors influencing the learning process and SLA. In our research , we have proved that short term memory does not function cognitively for the first encounter with the new items.later we have proved that mastering a second language takes place in the habitual as well as the recollective memory and the use of language is based on a complex cerebral as well as psychological process. In our research we involved high school students and performed memorization tasks with them. Finally, we concluded that teachers being familiar with the biological factors of learning might carry out classes more efficiently.