MicroRNAs are a newly explored field in the treatment of kidney cancer. Renal cell carcinoma is a global, stealthy illness with over 400,000 new cases and over 170,000 deaths annually, placing it among the top 10 most prevalent cancers. MicroRNAs are a newly explored field in the treatment of kidney cancer. In this thesis, we are investigating the potential role of microRNAs (specifically hsa-miR-15a, and hsa-miR-99a-5p) in the development or suppression of cancer in renal cell lines, describing their apoptotic pathways and their potential use as biomarkers for diagnosis of RCC or therapeutic and preventive use in targeted therapy of malignant RCC. Our main goal is to improve familiarity with microRNAs as much as possible to increase the rate of renal cell cancer recovery.