Background: Unhealthy alcohol use is considered a significant public health problem globally, while the burden of mortality and disability-related to alcohol intake varies disproportionately between certain populations and ethnic minority groups. Consumption of alcohol is a complex human trait, which is influenced by a wide variety of environmental factors and numerous genetic variants including taste preference genetic polymorphisms. Objective: Our study aimed to characterize and compare alcohol consumption behaviours of HG and HR participants as well as to evaluate the impact of potential influencing factors on various alcohol consumption patterns. We also aimed to synthetize evidence of the effect of taste preference-related genetic variants on various drinking behaviours. Methods: 410 HG and 387 HR respondents of 20-64 years of age were included in our study and AUDIT questionnaire was used to assess alcohol consumption patterns. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to elucidate the associations between various socioeconomic variables and different alcohol consumption phenotypes. To identify the taste preference-related genetic polymorphisms associated with various alcohol consumption behaviours, a systematic review was prepared. Based on this review, four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), TAS1R3 rs307355, TAS2R38 rs713598, TAS2R19 rs10772420 and CA6 rs2274333 linked with bitter and sweet taste preferences, were selected for further analysis. Results: Compared to HG, Roma participants experienced more alcohol related harms and evidence of past problems related to alcohol intake. When alcohol-related harms were considered, impacts of differences in gender and marital status are much higher among Roma compared to non-Roma. Additionally, TAS2R38 rs713598 had significant association with AUDIT 2- number of standard drinks on a typical day and AUDIT 3- frequency of having six or more drinks per occasion among HG and HR participants respectively. Conclusion: Roma ethnicity was demonstrated to influence certain alcohol consumption behaviours, i.e., having experience of alcohol-related harm as well as evidence of past problems related to alcohol drinking. For alcohol-related harm, gender and differences in marital status act more strongly among Roma participants compared to non-Roma. We may also presume that genetics influencing bitter taste phenotypes may have an effect on alcohol consumption patterns in our study samples, though it is suggested to interpret the findings with caution.