The effects and molecular targets of butyrate in the differentiation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DC) form an important part of the immune system by initiating and orchestrating antigen specific immune responses against microbes and tumors. The gastrointestinal lumen is lined with countless microorganisms forming the human gut microbiota. Among these microorganisms are the resident anaerobic microbes which can ferment indigestible plant fibers into Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA). Previous studies have confirmed the protective effects of butyrate on the immune system, however the effects and molecular targets of butyrate on the differentiation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) are still unknown. In this study we aimed to uncover butyrate-induced cell signaling pathways which may affect DC differentiation.