Kaposvári Egyetem Agrár- és Környezettudományi Kar, Kaposvár
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Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető Worldwide distribution and theoretical spreading of Trichoferus campestris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) depending on the main climatic elementsKeszthelyi, Sándor; Fehér, Balázs; Somfalvi-Tóth, Katalin; egyetemi oktató, kutatóThe velvet longhorned beetle, Trichoferus campestris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a serious wood-boring pest that is a major threat to the phytosanitary condition of forests and orchards. Its worldwide expansion is a major concern for plant health. We have collected all bibliographical references, phytosanitary reports and authentic photographic evidence from entomological websites to determine the worldwide distribution of T. campestris. The theoretical directions of the spreading and actually occupied area of this arthropod pest were determined over the whole Holarctic range. Furthermore, the potential distribution area was cal- culated using cumulated temperature in the growing season averaged over 15 years both in the Palearctic and Nearctic regions. Holarctic expansion of the species, including the main parts of North America and Eurasia, is clearly indicated. Its populations occur in 29 countries to date, supported by documentation from 64 publications and 30 online forums. Its spread is continuously westward in the Palearctic; in the Nearctic, the spread was first southward from the Great Lakes region then eastward from Utah. The spe- cies has excellently adapted to circumstances of freight by ship and plane, as wood is often used, ensuring optimal conditions for the pest. In addition, the active spreading achieved by flying is an important factor contributing to its expansion. The primary criterion for controlling the species would be the introduction of a monitoring system in affected and exposed areas.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Mycotoxins in the food chainKovács, Melinda; Szabó, András; Szabó-Fodor, Judit; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Anyanyulak elhullása és selejtezéseSzendrő, Zsolt; Barna, Judit; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Challenges and adaptive strategies in pig breeding from the aspect of heat stress and heat toleranceNagy, István; Kövér, György; Gerencsér, Zsolt; Szász, Gabriella; egyetemi oktató, kutatóAuthors summarized the results of the last three decades’ relevant literature examining the temperature effects on the various growth, reproductive and carcass traits in pigs. The ideal period of temperature measurement and the different methodologies characterizing temperature effects were summarized. The aspects of genotype environment interaction for the measured traits under hot and temperate conditions were also presented. Finally the possibilities of direct genetic selection for heat tolerance and its possible selection criteria traits were also discussed.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető CT-supported analysis of the destructive effects of Varroa destructor on the pre-imaginal development of honey bee, Apis melliferaKESZTHELYI, Sándor; SIPOS, Tamás; CSÓKA, Ádám; DONKÓ, DONKÓ; BSc, MSc hallgató; PhD hallgató; egyetemi oktató, kutatóThe ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor , is a most important health risk for European honey bee subspecies (Apis mellifera ) globally. There is a scarcity in experimental approaches addressing this issue by using computed tomography. Our purpose was to determine the decrease in the volume, surface, density and weight alteration triggered by V. destructor in pre-imaginal stages of A. mellifera using computer-based 3-D reconstruction technology. Computer tomography used in the current study proved to be sufficiently sensitive for the detection of V. destructor in comb cells. This non-invasive experimental setup revealed that the developing worker pupae have retained their volume and surface values, whereas the weight loss triggered by V. destructor was statistically confirmed. In addition, the disappearance of lower radiodensity tissues is shown to be due to mite parasitism, which can be primarily explained by haemolymph losses.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető A szántóföldi kártevők jelentőségének átrendeződése napjainkban (2.)Keszthelyi, Sándor; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető A születési súly szerepe a nyulaknál (1. rész)Szendrő, Zsolt; Szendrő, Katalin; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető A csillagfürt, mint nyúltakarmányMatics, Zsolt; Szendrő, Zsolt; Gerencsér, Zsolt; Szendrő, Katalin; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Light-trap catch of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera in connection with the moon phases and geomagnetic H-indexKeszthelyi, Sándor; Puskás, János; Nowinszky, László; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Reaction of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. populations to herbicides – resistance or technological fault?Kazinczi, Gabriella; Varga, Ákos; Kerepesi, Ildikó; Hoffmann, Richárd; Nagy, Margit; Benécsné Bárdi, Gabriella; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető A szántóföldi kártevők jelentőségének átrendeződése napjainkban (1.)Keszthelyi, Sándor; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Szabadon hozzáférhető Efficacy of H-Traps is Affected báy Exposure to SunshineOtártics, Máté Zsolt; Altbäcker, Vilmos; Solymosi, Kristóf; Mátics, Róbert; Romvári, Róbert; Farkas, Sándor; egyetemi oktató, kutatóated the impact of the factors affecting the efficacy of H-traps. Catching data of 15 H-traps were analyzed. The traps were deployed at an outdoor equestrian paddock (Sántos, Somogy county) from May to July 2018. In twelve weeks, the traps collected 10,556 horsefly specimens, dominated by Tabanus autumnalis and Haematopota italica. In the first experiment we found that the distribution of caught individuals was inhomogeneous among the samples. According to the amount of caught individuals, trap efficacy showed spatial and temporal inhomogeneity. In the second experiment, after the rearrangement of traps, we found that traps placed in open, sunny places in the centerline area caught significantly more horseflies than those in shady border regions. It can be concluded that the positioning of H-traps in sunny areas significantly enhances their tabanid-catching efficacy.Tétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Mycotoxins in the food chainKovács, Melinda; Szabó, András; Szabó-Fodor, Judit; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető Olaszperje-gabona keverékszilázs takarmányo- zási értékének vizsgálata hazai és nemzetközi energiaértékelési adatok alapjánAlemayehu Worku Babu; Tóthi, Róbert; Orosz, Szilvia; Fébel, Hedvig; Húth, Balázs; Tóth, Tamás; egyetemi oktató, kutatóA Közép-Európai régióban az április-májusi időszakban előállított olaszperje-gabona keverékszilázsok jól beilleszthetők a szarvasmarhák és egyéb kiskérődző állatfajok (juh, kecske) takarmányadagjába. A nyári, hőstresszes időszakban e keverékek a silókukorica-szilázs részleges (pl. nagy tejtermelésű teheneknél) vagy akár teljes (pl. közepes- és kistejű teheneknél, tenyészüszőknél) helyettesítésére is alkalmasak lehetnek, főleg ha annak minősége valamilyen okból (pl. alacsony keményítőtartalom, mi- kotoxin szennyezettség) nem megfelelő. A keverékekben lévő gabonaféléknek (pl. búza, tritikálé) ked- vező a terméshozama és jó a szárazságtűrése, míg a fűfélék (pl. olaszperje) fehérjetartalmát és kiváló rostemészthetőségét kell kiemelni. Az ilyen típusú keverékek előnye főleg abban rejlik, hogy tavaszi betakarításukra hosszabb idő áll rendelkezésre, illetve a csapadékosabb időjárási körülményeket is job- ban elviselik pl. a rozshoz képestTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető A kukoricabarkó, Tanymecus dilaticollis Gyllenhal, 1834Keszthelyi, Sándor; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Szabadon hozzáférhető Effect of ambient temperature and restricted feeding on the production of rabbit does and their kitsSzendrő, Zsolt; Papp, Zoltán; Kustos, Károly; egyetemi oktató, kutatóThirty-six lactating New Zealand White rabbit does were divided into 6 groups according to ambient temperature and feed intake. The does were kept at 20 °C during pregnancy and at kindling, then they were put into climatic chambers at temperatures of 5, 15, 23 or 30 °C. One part of the does were fed ad libitum (5A, 15A, 23A and 30A), two other groups were housed at 15 °C, but they received the same amount of pellet as the does' intake at 23 °C or 30 °C (15/23R and 15/30R). The litter sizes were equalized to seven. The weight of does, milk production, feed intake and water intake were recorded daily. Heat stress reduced milk yield (148, 152, 150 and 106 g/day), feed intake (287, 279, 260 and 179 g/day) and water intake (497, 512, 526 and 428 g/day), but increased the water/feed ratio (1.73, 1.84, 2.02 and 2.39) in the groups of 5A, 15A, 23A and 30A, respectively. Body weight of does decreased at 23 °C and 30 °C by 5.6% and 8.5%, respectively, compared to 15 °C. Comparing the groups of rabbits kept at 23 °C and 30 °C fed ad libitum (23A and 30A) and the data obtained for groups of 15/23R and 15/30R it was observed that the milk yield decreased by 8.0% and 2.5%, water intake increased by 8.6 and 13.3%, and the feed/water ratio was higher by 0.18 and 0.18, respectively. The effect of heat stress was less significant on kits than on does. It can be concluded that the high ambient temperature mainly affected the milk production through the reduction of feed intake.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető Assessment of short-term mortality of granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) triggered by different microwave irradiation powersKeszthelyi, Sándor; Nyári, András; Pál-Fám, Ferenc; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Korlátozottan hozzáférhető AZ IVÓVÍZ-TEMPERÁLÁS HATÁSÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA MELEGBEN TARTOTT NÖVENDÉKNYULAK TERMELÉSÉRETerhes, Katalin; Gerencsér, Zsolt; Szendrő, Zsolt; Nagy, István; Radnai, István; Kasza, Rozália; Matics, Zsolt; PhD hallgató; egyetemi oktató, kutatóTétel Szabadon hozzáférhető The influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on the potential distribution areas of Bursaphelencus xylophilus in Europe based on climatological reanalysis dataSomfalvi-Tóth, Katalin; Keszthelyi, Sándor; egyetemi oktató, kutatóPine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) (Aphelenchida: Parasitaphelencidae) is one of the most harmful agents in coniferous forests. The most important vectors of pine wood nematode are considered to be some Monochamus species (Col.: Cerambycidae), which had been forest insects with secondary importance before the appearance of B. xy- lophilus. However, the continuous spreading of the nematode has changed this status and necessitated detailed biological and climatological investigation of the main European vec- tor, Monochamus galloprovincialis. The potential distribution area of M. galloprovincialis involves those areas where the risk of the appearance of pine wood nematode B. xylophilus is significant. The main objective of our analysis was to obtain information about the influencing effects of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the potential European range of B. xylophilus and its vector species M. galloprovincialis based on the connection between the mean temperature of July in Europe, the distribution of day-degrees of the vector and the NAO index. Our assessment was based on fundamental biological constants of the nematode and the cerambycid pest as well as the ECMWF ERA5 Global Atmospheric Reanalysis dataset. Our hypothesis was built on the fact that the monthly mean temperature had to exceed 20°C in the interest of an efficient expansion of the nematode. In addition, the threshold temperature of the vector involved in the calculations was 12.17°C, while the accumulated day-degree (DD) had to exceed the annual and biennial 370.57°DD for univoltine and semivoltine development, respectively. Our finding that a connection could be found between a mean temperature in July above 20°C and NAO as well as between the accumulated day-degrees and NAO can be the basis for further investigations for a reliable method to forecast the expansion of pine wood nematode and its vector species in a given year.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető Effect of ambient temperature on the productive and carcass traits of growing rabbits divergently selected for body fat contentMatics, Zsolt; Gerencsér, Zsolt; Kasza, Rozália; Terhes, Katalin; Nagy, István; Radnai, István; Dalle Zotte, Antonella; Cullere, M; Szendrő, Zsolt; egyetemi oktató, kutatóRabbits are particularly sensitive to heat stress which can affect productive performance, with rabbit breed/line possibly playing a role on the response to this condition. The study aimed at evaluating the effect of different ambient temperatures on the live performance and carcass traits of growing rabbits divergently selected for total body fat content. The two genetic lines (Lean and Fat) were selected based on the total body fat content estimated by computer tomography during five generations. From birth to slaughter (13 weeks of age), the rabbits were housed in two rooms where the temperature was controlled with air conditioners: in the control room the average ambient temperature was 20 °C and in the high temperature room it was 28 °C. After weaning (35 d), 60 Lean and 60 Fat rabbits/room were housed by two in wire-mesh cages and fed ad libitum with commercial pellets. The BW and feed intake (FI) were measured at 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 weeks of age to calculate the daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Mortality was recorded daily. At the end of the experi ment, rabbits were slaughtered and carcass traits were measured. Mortality was independent of temperature and line. The temperature significantly influenced the FI, DWG, BW and the fat deposits: they were lower at higher ambient temperature. The effect of temperature differed according to the rabbits' total body fat content. At control temperature, the FI (165 vs 155 g/day; P < 0.05) and FCR (4.67 vs 4.31; P < 0.05) were higher in Fat rabbits, which also had more perirenal (36.2 vs 23.1 g; P < 0.05) and scapular fat (10.8 vs 7.1 g; P < 0.05). At high temperature, no differences in fat depots (14.5 vs 9.8 g; 5.3 vs 3.5 g) were found between the two lines. It can be concluded that temperature × genetic line interaction had an important role in productive and carcass traits, as the effect of temperature differs between Lean and Fat rabbits.