STADIUM - Hungarian Journal of Sport Sciences (DE-journals)
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Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EXAMINING THE KNOWLEDGE OF FUTURE SPORTS PROFESSIONALS IN CONNECTION WITH WATER RESCUE AND LIFE-SAVING(2019-08-26) Bihari, Dávid Tamás; Biró, MelindaWater drowning is a problem affecting the total population of the Earth. Drowning is a leading cause of death (one of every three deaths). On the planet, a man, a woman or a child drops into the water every two minutes. Every year, 4 million people worldwide are in danger of drowning, either in freshwater lakes or in the sea. Almost 10% of them do not survive the dive, so they die as a result of suffocation. More than half of those drowned in water are children or juveniles. Sports professionals, especially PE teachers, have a prominent role in preventing water accidents, so it is essential to be aware of life-saving and water-saving. The question arises as to what kind of knowledge these experts have on the subject and how they could stand up if it were wrong. The purpose of our research is to reveal the knowledge gaps and fears of students that prevent them from starting a rescue process. In our survey, we chose the questionnaire method, 147 students with PE or sports major participated. The results showed that a significant proportion, 64% of the students did not even see the resuscitation process. Most of them, 90%, did not resume the resuscitation experiment, 88% of them had not yet helped resuscitation. Most of them have no rescue practice, and their knowledge is incomplete for rescue and first aid.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető THE EFFECT OF PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING ON CORE MUSCLES STRENGTH AND SINGLE LEG BALANCING ABILITY IN YOUTH SOCCER PLAYERS(2019-08-26) Kovács, Miklós; Pucsok, József MártonCore stability and the ability to balance have both a critical role in today’s modern soccer. Majority of injuries originated from the weakness and inefficient strength of core musculature and the kinetic chain. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of a three month proprioceptive training programme on core stability and the ability to balance. We hypothesized that both of the skills might improve by the end of the 12-week exercise program. We set up a group involving 15 players, who regularly participated in a weekly 40 minutes special proprioceptive training routine. The control group hasn’t attended any additional strengthening workout session. The youngsters executed a fitball balancing task, in a seated position, and the so-called Stork-test. Before the 3-month exercise program, we implemented a pre-, at the end of the program a post-test. According to our results, we may conclude that we had measured a significant difference only in the Fitball-test when players executed the single leg balancing test (Stork-test), we haven’t observed any significant difference.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető INVESTIGATION ON THE IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY(2019-08-26) Berki, Alexandra Réka; Arany, Attila Csaba; Jámbor, Ilona; Szabó, Krisztina; Mile, Marianna; Makra, Gabriella; Csiki, Zoltán; Balogh, László; Papp, GáborIntroduction: Effects of physical activity on immune functions may largely depend on the type of activity, its intensity and duration. However, little information is available regarding the immunological effects of sporting activities in older ages. The aim of our study was to examine the changes in a wide spectrum of lymphocyte subtypes after a period of regular workout among healthy women of different ages. Methods: In our study, we enrolled 16 elderly women (between ages of 60-75 years) formerly not engaged in regular physical activity, who took part in lightweight conditioning gymnastic exercise program. Eight young athletes and 26 young adults with sedentary lifestyle served as controls. The percentages of peripheral NK, NKT cells, T and B lymphocyte subtypes were determined by flow cytometry based on the staining of extracellular markers and intracellular cytokines . Results: Lymphocyte subgroups did not differ between the groups of young athletes and young adults with sedentary lifestyle. However, in elderly women, levels of NKT cells were lower, while ratios of T helper / T cytotoxic cells were higher compared to younger individuals. At the end of exercise program, in elderly women, percentages of naive B cells decreased, while levels of switched-memory B cells increased. Furthermore, proportions of Th2 cells increased, while levels of immunosuppressive CD4+CD127-CD25 bright Treg cells decreased as the result of regular exercise. Conclusion: Differences observed after lightweight exercise programs reflect a presumably enhanced immunoreactivity and increased ability for immune responses in older ages.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető QUALITY OF WELLNESS SERVICES IN THE NORTH GREAT PLAIN REGION(2019-08-26) Hidvégi, Péter; Biró, Melinda; Lenténé Puskás, Andrea; Tatár, András; Bárdos, Kinga; Pucsok, József MártonWellness is the philosophy of life in everyday life. In a holistic sense, it is also used as a harmony of physical, mental, and spiritual abilities, basically means prevention, regeneration, relaxation, and fitness. The investigation took place between September and December 2018. Of the 166 participants, 94 were women, and 72 were men. As a result of the research, we can state that respondents are looking for relaxation and relaxation in wellness hotels. Their expectations are related to their age, place of residence, and family status.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető UTÁNPÓTLÁSKORÚ KÉZILABDÁZÓK ÉS LABDARÚGÓK TELJESÍTMÉNYÉNEK VIZSGÁLATA INTENZÍV MIKROMOZGÁSOK SZEMPONTJÁBÓL(2020-03-20) Kovács, Miklós; Pocsai, Balázs; Zsanda, Emilia; Pöszmet, Tibor; Balogh, László; Pucsok, József MártonModern soccer is characterized by short distance multidirectional movements. Elite level players execute a large number of micromovements of all kinds. Like in handball game situations in soccer usually occur in small areas. We investigated, whether soccer players may be able to perform accelerations, decelerations, intense starting movements and turns at the same level as handball players. We utilized the Speed Court movement analysis system to prove our hypotheses. We measured youth athletes, they executed two testing protocols. High-quality speed, agility, spatial awareness, and decision-making capabilities were required by the participants. We designed two protocols called the “60-meter chase”, and the “30-second chase” to mimic the situations tend to occur in a game. Each participant was asked to perform the test protocols three-times, we registered the best try, after 12 weeks of practice, the athletes repeatedly executed the two protocols. We also performed a body composition analysis, which demonstrated similar data for the two groups. We concluded that soccer players were able to perform at the same level as handball players, some of them even outperformed their counterparts.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető TÖRZS ÉS ALSÓ VÉGTAG STABILITÁSÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA LABDAJÁTÉKOSOK KÖRÉBEN(2020-03-20) Lepp, Kitti; Némethné Gyurcsik, ZsuzsannaThe technical background of the various ball games is determined by its lower endpoint and ultimately provides a coordinated functional assurance of its muscles. The activity of the superficial and deep abdominal muscles is a function of the moving, kicking, jumping limbs, and the supporting, limiting and stabilizing functions of the supporting limb. A basic element of injury prevention is the operation of stabilizers. During the health check, routine testing options should be checked and a targeted intervention program developed. The aim of the research program was to measure the core and lower final stabilization functions of ballplayers - basketball players, water polo players, and soccer players - by classifying and analyzing the various technical knowledge into three groups, as well as statistical classification and analysis of the target groups. We tested U16 water polo, basketball and soccer players. A musculoskeletal comparative study was performed specifically with an examination of the stability of the torso and the lower limb, with special tests. Internationally Used Standard Tests: Single Leg Squat test (sec.), Single Leg Squat on TOGU test (sec.), Single leg wall-sit test (sec.) Single leg wall-sit with a ball (sec.), do a standard test with different results. The results are known because of their full scope, the development of muscle synergism needs in a given sport. Developing and launching a unified intervention program for further goals and then compiling, with the subsequent involvement, a statistical element to end the friendship. Developing the results and considering the technical background, determine the effectiveness of the exercise program, that is, a functional approach-based exercise program that needs to be introduced into the body and the final determination of the synergistic function from a special test position bank.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető VÁZIZOMSÉRÜLÉS KEZELÉSEK JELENLEGI MÓDJAINAK ÁTTEKINTÉSE(2020-03-20) Gyenes, Dominik; Budai, Zsófia; Sarang, ZsoltVoluntary contractions of skeletal muscle made up of striated muscle tissue cause body movements and are well controlled. One of the most characteristic features of skeletal muscle is its high in vivo and in vitro regeneration capacity, but with greater muscle loss, the regeneration process is exhausted and requires intervention support. It follows that muscle injury is a constant challenge for the clinic. In the last century, especially in the last few decades, a number of techniques have been developed to promote muscle regeneration, including various surgical techniques, physical therapy, biomaterials, muscle tissue cultivation, cryotherapy, magnetic field application and cell therapy. At the same time, there is still a great need to develop new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle improvement and functional regeneration. In this study we give a comprehensive picture of the epidemiology of muscle tissue loss, highlight current strategies for clinical management, and discuss new methods of muscle regeneration and the challenges of their future clinical transformation.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető FOGYASZTÓI MOTIVÁCIÓS VIZSGÁLATOK A DVSC LABDARÚGÓ CSAPATÁNAK BÉRLETESEI KÖRÉBEN(2020-03-20) Komáromi, Dominika Anna; Bácsné Bába, ÉvaIn this research, we investigated socio-demographic attributes and structure of DVSC Soccer Club’s season ticket owners and measured the motivational factors determining the sports consumption of Debrecen’s audience. After the literature review, we developed a tool for the measurement of the following factors: socio-demographic and match visiting habits, facilities and service, tickets and prices. We collected the data of the 49 samples online and through personal meetings. By evaluating the results, it became clear that fans of DVSC with season tickets experience the team’s success and failure as their own. Overall, it can be stated that those who have permanent entrants are surely visiting the matches. The growth of the season ticket owners is a key question for the club, which is determined by the creation and improvement of the club-fan bond.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető FIZIKAI AKTIVITÁS ÉS A TESTEDZÉS HATÁSA AZ IMMUNRENDSZER MŰKÖDÉSÉRE(2020-03-20) Arany, Attila Csaba; Jámbor, Ilona; Papp, GáborPhysical activity and exercise are especially important in maintaining health and reducing risk of many diseases. Exercise leads to a pronounced immunomodulation by affecting the elements of innate immune system, as well as the ratio and functions of neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, which are involved in the development, maintenance and elimination of inflammation. In the adaptive immune system, Th1 / Th2 balance shift toward Th2, and high-intensity training causes an increase in the proportion of regulatory T cells, as opposed to the effect of non-strenuous exercise on the Treg cell ratio. In response to exercise, there is a lack of data on B cells, but some studies have reported a decrease in immunoglobulin secretion. In our own research we observed changes in naive and memory B cell ratios. Upon exercise, IL-6, as proinflammatory cytokine, promotes T cell proliferation, activation, and differentiation of B cells into antibody-producing plasma cells. Hormonal factors play an important role in the background of immunological changes. Exercise stimulates the secretion of both adrenaline and noradrenalin, and their concentration in the blood is directly proportional to the duration of exercise. Endurance exercise is associated with increased cortisol levels, while low intensity exercise does not significantly affect cortisol levels. Exercise and physical stress can increase the concentration of endorphins by 3 to 10 times; β-endorphin inhibits T and B cell activity, thus reduces antibody production. Testosterone causes a reduction in antibodies to IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ, Ig-M and Ig-G. Based on the above, mild to moderate physical activity contributes to the enhancement of immune reactivity and the immune response. On the other hand, strenuous exercise with increased intensity leads to a deterioration of immune function and impaired immunological defense.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EXAMINATION ON THE CHOICE OF SPORT, SELECTION AND TALENT IDENTIFICATION IN THE HUNGARIAN LITERATURE(2020-03-20) Dienes, Balázs Imre; Bernáth, Gréta Andrea; Bíró, MelindaOne of the main motives for finding and selecting talent is to ensure the long-term success of a sport. Fortunately, more and more professionals are researching the aspects of selection and the motives for choosing a sport. However, the issue of suitability is less well addressed. On the one hand, the study examines the motives of choosing a sport and the factors influencing it, as well as the question of success based on the results of Hungarian research.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető SELECTION AND TALENT MANAGEMENT IN THE SOCCER ACADEMY OF DEBRECEN, HUNGARY(2020-03-20) Kónya, Bence; Lenténé Puskás, AndreaThe aim of this study is to deal with the survey of the selection and the system of talent management through the example of the Debrecen Soccer Academy. In connection with this topic we analyzed international and Hungarian articles, in addition we examined the structure, operation and role of the youth age players. It is not an easy task to recognise the talent of the players. The selection of talented sportsman is a very complex process during which you must consider many aspects such as human biological characteristics, physiological and sociological factors. Psychological and cognitive factors are also decisive. Several studies prove that being successful as an adult can be predicted at a young age.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető DEMENCIA ÉS A FIZIKAI AKTIVITÁS KAPCSOLATÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA IRODALOMELEMZÉSSEL(2020-03-20) Donka, Dorottya Bianka; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: Many studies have already shown that, there is connection between physical actitity and cognitive functions. Therefore, the aim of our research is to examine the relationship between cognitive decline (dementia) and physical activity. Method: The research genre was a secondary method analysis. The literature review was primarily collected from articles published on international scientific sites. Results: A total of 11 reviews were examined, examining the relationship between dementia and physical activity, which included 217 articles. Research has supported our hypothesis, that regular exercise has a positive effect on the prevention of dementia by reducing the risk of dementia. Conclusion: It would be worthwhile to further investigate, which types of exercise at what repetition rate and what intensity achieve the best results in reducing the risk of dementia, or slowing the process of dementia.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető DEMENCIA VIZSGÁLATI ESZKÖZEI, FIZIKAI AKTIVITÁSSAL VALÓ ÖSSZEFÜGGÉSEINEK MÉRÉS-METODIKAI KÉRDÉSEI-ÁTTEKINTÉS(2020-03-20) Makra, Gabriella; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: Dementia has now grown to become a "folk disease", making it a very important area of research. After reviewing several studies, it is also accepted that regular physical activity (MAKRA - BALOGH, 2018) (DONKA - BALOGH, 2018) tends to have a positive effect on cognitive abilities and neurodegenerative disorders rather than neutrally or negatively. Because this disease involves a decline in cognitive abilities, it is imperative that special attention be given to improving the number of years of life and the quality of treatment. Objective: We would like to get a comprehensive picture of the methods and tools used to measure dementia. Method: Reviewing and summarizing the related articles in the literature according to the criteria we have defined (type of measurement, relation of measurement methods, number of measurements). Review. Results: In our research, we found many measuring tools that are suitable for measuring and testing dementia. Most measurements are made using two or more measuring devices combined to provide more accurate and complex results for dementia. It can also be stated that more practical forms of measurement are used today, and in this topic, paper-pencil tests are only used as accompanying measurements, as a confirmation in most studies. Conclusions: There are many measuring tools available for testing dementia. We have to choose the one that suits us best.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető LABDARÚGÓ TELJESÍTMÉNY ELEMZÉSÉNEK IT ESZKÖZEI(2020-03-20) Karikás, Krisztián; Ráthonyi, GergelySoccer is the world's most popular sport, well represented by the fact that the 2018 Russian Soccer World Cup has been followed by more than half of the world's population on some platform. For each win, teams do their best to create a competitive advantage over their rivals. Information technology is one of the explosive fields that has led to significant changes in soccer as well. For example, innovative solutions have emerged in the sports industry that have contributed to the acceleration of the game, technological innovations in soccer streaming can enhance the fan experience with up to 3-dimensional replays, or recently introduced video referee and goal line technology to solve disputed situations. In soccer, the analysis of the match and the resulting data that characterizes the performance of the players and the team, which can be analyzed from many angles: technical, tactical, mental and physiological, can play an important role. The advancement of technology has made it possible for soccer professionals to access significant amounts of variable format data, the processing and utilization of which is crucial to them. The primary objective of this article is to present the importance of IT tools of performance analysis in soccer.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető LABDARÚGÓMÉRKŐZÉSEK LÁTOGATÁSI MOTIVÁCIÓJÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA A DEAC CSAPATÁNAK PÉLDÁJÁN KERESZTÜL(2020-03-20) Bács, Zalán Mihály; Lente, LajosIn this study, We’ve been examining the motivation of the fans of the Debreceni Egyetemi Atlétikai Club. We chose the questionnaire as a research method in which We used the SPEED-H scale developed by Kajos et al. (2017). We sent the questionnaire online to the target group by the snowball method, the sample was 40 people, mainly students, workers, and teachers of the University of Debrecen. The majority of the repliers are visiting DEAC matches for 2-10 years. It turned out that the reason for their first visit was the love for the sport and the effect of their friends. According to the SPEED-H scale, the main motivation for the repliers to visit was the excitement and beauty of the game.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető ÉJSZAKAI LÉGZÉSZAVAR EPIZÓDOK ÉS A SZÍVFREKVENCIA VARIABILITÁS KAPCSOLATA(2020-03-20) Szabó, Krisztina; Balogh, László; Ihász, FerencPurpose: We wanted to assess the values of expected night-time and day-time variability of the heart rate, in the presence of dyspnea episodes during night-time, recorded by a Holter monitor. Objective: Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal breathing disorders affect the HRV indexes. Methods: 40 patients participated in our survey. 20 of them experienced episodes of night-time breathing difficulty, and the control group consisted of 20 participants in whose case there were no episodes of night-time breathing difficulty. We were examining the domains of time and frequency of heart rate variability, using day-time and night-time values recorded by a 24-hour Schiller Medilog Holter monitor. We evaluated the distribution of the parameters with a continuous codomain, their typical distribution and expected values on histograms, and summarized them in a table. For the examination of the difference in averages the Two-Sample T- Test was used, where p<0.05. Results: The vegetative equilibrium ratio and the standard deviation of the R-R intervals showed a significant difference between the apnea patients and the healthy group at night. Examining the severity of apnea, we didn't find significant difference between the two groups in the mean of the time and frequency indices, however, a decrease in the values of the apnea group was observed compared to the control group. Conclusion: Night differences in the vegetative equilibrium rate and time parameters of the apnea patients and the control group, as well as differences in the HRV index recorded by the change in the severity of the disease, draw attention to the importance of the HRV indicators with HOLTER monitors.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető TÁNC ÉS A KOGNITÍV KÉPESSÉGEK KAPCSOLATÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA TÁNC ÉS DEMENCIA(2020-03-20) Barna, Lilla; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: The study of dance and cognitive abilities is a common research topic today, as well as many studies and articles on the aspects of physical activity and cognitive relationships. Studying the topic is essential, as the two components actively influence our performance and quality of life, regardless of gender, age, or education Objective: To examine the effect of dancing activities has a beneficial effect on motor and cognitive abilities. Furthermore, to investigate the interaction of dance and dementia. Researching exercise programs that do not worsen or accelerate the processes associated with aging, but help to stagnate dementia at that time. Method: For analysis, we used an overview of English and Hungarian studies focusing on dance and dementia from Google Scholar and Research Gate. Results: According to most research articles, various dance therapies have an impact on cognitive abilities, and studies have shown that dancing exercise programs (either in pairs or solo) do not impair the health of people with dementia. Many studies do not provide accurate test data, which would be extremely important as further research is conducted. Conclusions: First, there is a significant relationship between cognitive function and physical activity. On the other hand, there are no specific procedures, exercise programs, or measurement methods that can improve dementia.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EGYETEMI TESTNEVELÉS ÉS SPORT HATÁSA A HALLGATÓK FITTSÉGI ÁLLAPOTÁRA(2020-12-18) Pucsok, József Márton; Balogh, László; Ráthonyi, Gergely; Varga, Katalin; Bíró, Eszter; Perényi, Gabriella; Lenténé Puskás, AndreaThe physical fitness state of university students has deteriorated over the years. Relevant data is needed to investigate this tendency thoroughly. We conducted a longitudinal examination among university students in Debrecen, Hungary. At the first stage of our examinations, we examined sixty male and female participants to assess their physical fitness status. They participated in four different activities (pilates, spinning, wellness-general fitness, body-shaping) once a week. Each exercise session lasted for 90 minutes. We conducted a pre-and post-exercise screening, which consisted of a Beep-test, push-up, and sit-up tests. We hypothesized that the different types of activities might alter the exercise response. Aerobic performance, upper-body, and abdominal strength may differ depending on the type of exercise—international recommendations suggesting that 150 minutes of physical activity is necessary for physical fitness benefits. Our results demonstrated that 90 minutes of exercise might significantly improve inactive young adults' physical fitness state once a week.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC SELECTION CRITERIA IN YOUNG BALL SPORT PLAYERS(2020-12-18) Pucsok, József Márton; Ráthonyi, Gergely; Varga, Katalin; Perényi, Gabriella; Lenténé Puskás, Andrea; Bács, Zoltán; Balogh, LászlóBackground: Our study aimed to analyze body composition and spiroergometric data of young (14-15 years) elite level ball sport players. We suggested three-ball sports (handball, soccer, and basketball) share common performance indicators, as rapid intermittent movements primarily characterize each ball sport. Methods: We selected one-hundred and ten, handball (n=30), basketball (n=40), and soccer (n=40) players male and female from local clubs in Hungary. Seventy-nine males and thirty-one females participated in our study; their average age was 14.51 and 14.56, respectively. They participated in laboratory testing; the protocol included a body composition analysis and spiroergometric tests. We measured body composition and physiological parameters utilizing an In Body 720 device and a standard Bruce treadmill protocol. Although we were aware of the Bruce protocol limitations in elite athletes, we choose this protocol as a safer alternative for younger inexperienced athletes. Results and conclusions: We concluded that in young male soccer and basketball players, mean peak /load (W), peak/VE (l), peak/Vtex (l), peak/ VO 2 (ml/min), peak/VCO 2 (ml/min), and peak/ O 2 pulse (ml) data is a reliable indicator of the sport-specific performance. We may also suggest that in our male basketball and handball players' population, peak/Vtex (l) is the only variable, which is significantly different. Between groups of male handball and soccer players, peak/VO 2 /kg (ml/min) may be a valid performance indicator. Among female basketball and handball players, we found a significant difference in three performance variables: peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO 2 (ml/min), and peak/ O 2 pulse (ml).Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AROUSAL ZONE, ANXIETY, STRESS AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE(2020-12-18) Németh, Kata; Balogh, LászlóThis study aimed to examine the relationship between optimal functioning zone, anxiety, stress, and athletic performance. We conducted a systematic review of the available scientific articles and publications. Related literature was analyzed, relevant, or helpful in understanding the psychological aspects of athletic performance. It discusses the method and validity of hypotheses and approaches that have already appeared scientifically. We examined multidimensional approaches, which discuss the suitability and implications of some recent and more complex models of stress and performance. We may conclude that the relationship between stress and athletic performance is multidimensional. We also examined several factors, such as the interaction between the nature of the stressor, the cognitive needs of the task, and the individuals' psychological characteristics. Both physical and mental preparation is critical to successful sports performance. This way, the level of physical skills, mental preparedness significantly determine overall athletic performance. The article aims to provide a historical overview of the implementation, testing, and measurement of IZOF and other applied models.