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Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető AZ ÁRAMLATÉLMÉNYRE VALÓ HAJLAMOSSÁG, A TELJESÍTMÉNYMOTIVÁCIÓ ÉS A KONTROLLHELY KAPCSOLATA KETTŐS KARRIERŰ SPORTOLÓK KÖRÉBEN(2020-12-18) Tóth, Máté; Kiss, BrigittaAchieving peak performance is strongly connected to athletic flow experiences, and it is also considered one of the main goals in professional sports. For this reason, it essential to systematically examine any contributing factor connected to athletes’ flow proneness. This study examined the assumed connection between flow proneness, achievement motivation, and locus of control among dual-career athletes. Furthermore, the universality of sport flow experiences was also tested. We used Oláh’s (2005) Flow Questionnaire, Rotter’s (1966) Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and the Achievement Motivation Test developed by Lang and Fries (2006). The test was shared online by the snowball method, and the sample consisted of 178 dual career athletes. According to the results, there is a significant connection between flow proneness, achievement motivation, and locus of control. The universality of flow was also proven.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető BREAKABLE PERFORMANCE - THE ROLE OF MENTAL TOUGHNESS IN ELITE SPORT, INTERNATIONAL OUTLOOK(2021-06-01) Torma, Eszter Panna; Balogh, LászlóOur study aimed to analyze mental toughness and its relationship to sports performance. We reviewed 38 qualitative and quantitative international studies. We performed an in-depth investigation on mental toughness; we also focused on how to improve mental toughness. We hypothesized a significant difference in both genders, suggesting that coaches substantially impact mental toughness. We primarily concentrate on valid, real-time assessments and psychological training in elite sports athletes. Sport psychologists, mental trainers play an essential role in elite sports performance. Results of related studies demonstrated that these age and gender-specific mental training sessions are effective in improving performance. There is an increasing need for computer-based interactive testing methods to analyze cognitive and psychomotor skills under pressure.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető A CÉLKITŰZÉS HATÁSA AZ UTÁNPÓTLÁS KORÚ KOSÁRLABDÁZÓK FEJLESZTHETŐSÉGÉRE A KONTROLLHELY ÉS MOTIVÁCIÓ FORRÁSÁNAK TÜKRÉBEN(2021-06-01) Új, Eszter Dorottya; Csukonyi, Csilla; Őrsi, Balázs; Kiss, BrigittaOur study conducted research on the motivation of the basketball players of the Debrecen Basketball Academy (U11 - 76 basketball players) and on which factors play and define it, especially the control sites and their goals are related to the assessment of performance development. For this purpose, the target studies were based on such a follow-up procedure, which performs monitoring, and target studies on the development of physical endurance could be detected. Our results show that both the quality of choice (how complex tasks are undertaken with athletes in the study) and the evolution of the control site and the source of motivation are among the factors in developing athletes ’goals. The result showed that many objective measurement tools and test procedures are available to coaches and sport-psychologists to assess and evolve athletes’ peak performance. At the same time, further practical improvements can be made by changing training methods and introducing additional motivating factors.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető CHANGES IN SPINAL RANGE OF MOTION AFTER 16 WEEKS TRAINING PROGRAM IN PUBERTAL CHILDREN(2021-12-30) Szigethy, Mónika; Nagyváradi, Katalin; H. Ekler, Judit; Ihász, FerencThe aim of the present research was to improve the neglect behavior of pubertal children in an intervention program. Within the framework of the program, the main function of the spinal column and the strength and extensibility of the muscles responsible for posture were investigated. The participants included in the study are 7th grade children of the Neumann János Elementary School in Szombathely, Hungary, (n b =7); (ng=10). The Idiag M360 Spinal Mouse was used to investigate the physiological curvatures and main function of the spinal column before and after the program. The device was used to examine the children's spines in standing, bending forward and again in a standing position after the Matthiass test was performed. Pre-intervention (1) and post-intervention (2) data showed significant decreases in all assessed characteristics and similar increases in sacrum to hip ratio (Sac/Hip) (9.83±4.36 - 21.63±4.39); p<0.000. The greatest change was found in the Th11/12 dorsal vertebral body angles (4.50±2.05 - -0.30±0.25); p<0.000. As a result of the postural improvement program, the degree of pelvic tilt and, in parallel, the physiological curvature of lumbar lordosis was reduced to within the age-specific reference values.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető CHANGES IN THE REPLENISHMENT EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE HANDBALL SPORT IN HUNGARY(2021-04-16) Juhász, Bernadett; Bácsné Bába, ÉvaDevelopment of talents care systems plays an important role in handball today. The goal of the Hungarian Handball Association is to ensure that all children of the same age receive the same training throughout the country. The Association recently introduced a standard feed-back education system. The aim of this research was to demonstrate the evolution of the talent care system, especially the innovations introduced by the Association. The research method was interviewing handball experts. Five experts answered our questions, former elite players, currently coaches. Based on their responses, it was possible to compare the old and the current status of the training programmes. We may conclude, that the structure of handball training has significantly developed both technically and tactically. Professionals agree, that there are a number of changes have occurred in the theory and methodology of handball. The newly introduced regional, electronic control system – described in the Age Handbook were considered to be useful by the interviewees. According to the results of our pilot study, the new unified educational training system may result in a more successful international presence in the long term.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SPORT RECREATIONAL PARK USE IN SZEGED’S ERZSÉBET LIGET(2023-04-05) Tóth, Larissza; Győri, FerencObjective: Our research was aimed to explore the opportunities Szeged’s largest park, the Erzsébet Liget's offers in the area of sport recreation, in addition, the composition, the sports habits, and the contentment of the park's adult visitors who came from nearby and also from more distant places. We hypothesized that the characteristics of access to the park and the characteristics of park use depend on the proximity of the user's residence. At the same time, their socio-demographic features and contentment are unrelated. Method: Our primary data were gained using random paper-based questionnaires (N=108). Those people were asked who was doing some physical exercise at various sports scenes in the park. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between different categorical variables. Results: The proximity of the park and the users' place of residence was strongly related to the travel time and the chosen mode of transport. At the same time, it did not show any significant relation to the features of park use for sports. These features, primarily due to the elderly visitors, only impacted the frequency of park visits with an aim other than sport. Also, no significant difference was found concerning the park's proximity, contentment with the services, and socio-demographic variables, although some tendencies were identified. Conclusion: The park's proximity did not have an impact of significance concerning the composition and the contentment of park visitors and their use of the sports facilities.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető COPING WITH SPORTS INJURIES AMONG INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM SPORT ATHLETES(2024-01-24) Csukonyi, Csilla; Nagy, RékaIn the study, we aimed to explore the differences between individual and team athletes due to their coping with sports injuries. The research consisted of qualitative and quantitative parts: one interview and two questionnaires were recorded. Due to our country's rudimentary form of prevention and rehabilitation procedures for sports injuries, the study would show different results compared to a foreign sample. The practical benefit of the study lies in this, as the more information available about the differences in the psychological functioning of athletes, the more specific help can be provided to them during the activity of a sports psychologist.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető A COVID-19 MEGJELENÉSÉVEL BEFEJEZETTNEK NYILVÁNÍTOTT JÉGKORONG BAJNOKSÁGOK VÉGEREDMÉNYEINEK MEGHATÁROZÁSA – IGAZSÁGOSSÁGELMÉLETI OLDALRÓL(2021-06-01) Zimányi, Róbert G.COVID-19 has long-term effects – solving (or trying to solve) these primary social problems attention can also be focused on sport as a social subsystem. The study examines the competitive sport, including the final results of championships in ice hockey. Most championships were going on when the COVID-19 pandemic broke out. As a result, the most of the championships were suspended – which were either continued after the restrictions, or ended the season. What about the ice hockey tournaments, where the season ended prematurely? In this case, was the final result determined as well? If so, on what basis? At determining the final results, the organizers tried to make the most just decision. However, on what basis is it just to determine the final results of these championships? The study examines several theories of justice which play a (key) role in determining the final result of ice hockey in different championships. The study confirms this theory in several case examples: the organizers (league association) really made a just decision. The only, but the most important question is: which theory of justice was (or theories of justice were) dominated in determining the final results? In each case examined, the principle of meritocracy appeared (at some level). In accordance to the nature (telos) of the competitive sports, at determining of the final results the idea of meritocracy dominated. However, there is also a difference within meritocracy: between the timeliness and actuality of the reached results. In addition to the achievements on the sports field, the egalitarianism has also appeared in many cases, as another theory of justice – as well as the utilitarianism (by Bentham and Mill).Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető CREATININE AND CREATINE KINASE RATIO IN BLOOD OF DIFFERENT BODY TYPES - A NEW APPROACH.(2021-12-30) Bandyopadhyay , Anupam; Chatterjee, PrithaPurpose: The inconsistencies and variations of creatine kinase level due to modifiable and non-modifiable factors were the basis of this study. The aim was to find out the relationships between creatinine and creatine kinase in the blood of somatotypes. Methods: The 122 males, aged 10 to 20 years, were classified according to their somatotypes. Somatotypes were measured by the ISAK method. By standard laboratory methods, creatinine and creatine kinase estimate. The IBM SPSS version 24 is used for calculation. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests was performed to compare the variables among the three groups (p<0.05). Results: Creatinine level in the blood insignificantly deferred among the three somatotypes. The significant differences (p<0.05) were found in creatine kinase level in the blood and creatinine/creatine kinase ratio among the three dominant Somatotypes. Creatine Kinase was significantly higher in Ectomorphs (212 U/L) than Endomorphs. Ectomorphs and mesomorphs have crossed normal creatine kinase levels (35 -175 U/L). The creatinine/creatine kinase ratio was found highest in endomorphs and lowest in the ectomorphs and significantly differed in three Somatotypes. Conclusion: Creatinine production remains the same, indicating production of Creatinine is independent of specific body types. A significant higher Creatine Kinase level in Ectomorphs over Endomorphs showed fat content was not associated with it. Significant differences in Creatinine / Creatine Kinase ratio among Somatotypes suggested its relevance between cellular and morphological relationships and might uses as biomarkers.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető DEMENCIA ÉS A FIZIKAI AKTIVITÁS KAPCSOLATÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA IRODALOMELEMZÉSSEL(2020-03-20) Donka, Dorottya Bianka; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: Many studies have already shown that, there is connection between physical actitity and cognitive functions. Therefore, the aim of our research is to examine the relationship between cognitive decline (dementia) and physical activity. Method: The research genre was a secondary method analysis. The literature review was primarily collected from articles published on international scientific sites. Results: A total of 11 reviews were examined, examining the relationship between dementia and physical activity, which included 217 articles. Research has supported our hypothesis, that regular exercise has a positive effect on the prevention of dementia by reducing the risk of dementia. Conclusion: It would be worthwhile to further investigate, which types of exercise at what repetition rate and what intensity achieve the best results in reducing the risk of dementia, or slowing the process of dementia.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető DEMENCIA VIZSGÁLATI ESZKÖZEI, FIZIKAI AKTIVITÁSSAL VALÓ ÖSSZEFÜGGÉSEINEK MÉRÉS-METODIKAI KÉRDÉSEI-ÁTTEKINTÉS(2020-03-20) Makra, Gabriella; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: Dementia has now grown to become a "folk disease", making it a very important area of research. After reviewing several studies, it is also accepted that regular physical activity (MAKRA - BALOGH, 2018) (DONKA - BALOGH, 2018) tends to have a positive effect on cognitive abilities and neurodegenerative disorders rather than neutrally or negatively. Because this disease involves a decline in cognitive abilities, it is imperative that special attention be given to improving the number of years of life and the quality of treatment. Objective: We would like to get a comprehensive picture of the methods and tools used to measure dementia. Method: Reviewing and summarizing the related articles in the literature according to the criteria we have defined (type of measurement, relation of measurement methods, number of measurements). Review. Results: In our research, we found many measuring tools that are suitable for measuring and testing dementia. Most measurements are made using two or more measuring devices combined to provide more accurate and complex results for dementia. It can also be stated that more practical forms of measurement are used today, and in this topic, paper-pencil tests are only used as accompanying measurements, as a confirmation in most studies. Conclusions: There are many measuring tools available for testing dementia. We have to choose the one that suits us best.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető A DÖNTÉS HÁTTERÉBEN ÁLLÓ KOGNITÍV KÉPESSÉGEK ÉS STRESSZ TOLERANCIA SZINTJÉNEK ÖSSZEHASONLÍTÓ ELEMZÉSE KEZDŐ ÉS TAPASZTALT SPORTOLÓKNÁL(2021-06-01) Donka, Dorottya Bianka; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: Cognitive skills are essential in team sports. Perception, decision-making (tactical thinking, learning, attention, thinking, emotions), stress tolerance, and even the level of motor and technical-tactical skills all affect performance. Objective: We found a significant difference in stress tolerance of novice / young and experienced team sport players (BALOGH, DONKA 2020). Our results showed that experienced athletes have higher level of stress tolerance. However, as this was a descriptive study, we intended to support our statement involving more number of subjects, and an analysis of cognitive abilities. Method: A cross-sectional experimental study was performed on 41 male and 13 female team sport (handball, volleyball and football) players. We used the VTS DT software package for cognitive abilities and the MDE Heidelberg StressHolter (gastro, HR, TH, GSR) for stress measurement. During the 35-minute measurement process, a state of rest was measured in the first stage, a response to a 10-minute stress situation (VTS-DT for the cognitive test) in the second stage, and a state of rest and latency in the third stage. Results: We found a significant relationship between stress tolerance and the cognitive ability of female and male participants. Our results demonstrated that football players had a lower level of stress tolerance than other team sport players. They also tent to make more mistakes in the VTS-DT test. Conclusions: The classification into novice and experienced categories need to be done more uniformly in the future. We are aware of it, that the unequal number of participants by sports, is one of the limitations of our study. However, it is encouraging that significant results demonstrate a strong relationship between stress tolerance and the number of appropriate decisions. These results reveal other areas of research for us.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető THE EFFECT OF PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING ON CORE MUSCLES STRENGTH AND SINGLE LEG BALANCING ABILITY IN YOUTH SOCCER PLAYERS(2019-08-26) Kovács, Miklós; Pucsok, József MártonCore stability and the ability to balance have both a critical role in today’s modern soccer. Majority of injuries originated from the weakness and inefficient strength of core musculature and the kinetic chain. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of a three month proprioceptive training programme on core stability and the ability to balance. We hypothesized that both of the skills might improve by the end of the 12-week exercise program. We set up a group involving 15 players, who regularly participated in a weekly 40 minutes special proprioceptive training routine. The control group hasn’t attended any additional strengthening workout session. The youngsters executed a fitball balancing task, in a seated position, and the so-called Stork-test. Before the 3-month exercise program, we implemented a pre-, at the end of the program a post-test. According to our results, we may conclude that we had measured a significant difference only in the Fitball-test when players executed the single leg balancing test (Stork-test), we haven’t observed any significant difference.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EFFECTS OF CORE-PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING ON THE QUALITY OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN U13 FEMALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS(2022-07-11) Makra, Gabriella; Donka, Dorottya Bianka; Torma, Eszter Panna; Sükei, Zsuzsa; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: Complex scientific work to investigate and develop the factors determining performance is essential to improving sports performance. Creating the neuro-muscular connection is paramount, as it is the cornerstone of movement coordination, and the nervous system is the key to mental components. Objective: Our study aims to demonstrate the positive effects of core-proprioceptive training on executive functions. Method: The DEAC U13 girls' academy basketball players (n=12) participated in a 9-week core-proprioceptive training program. Before and after the program, the players' executive functions were measured with the Vienna Test System. Result: A marked improvement in the measured parameters regarding the evolution of correct and incorrect responses and the reaction time. There is a significant reduction in the number of missed responses. Conclusions: Core-proprioceptive training also improved nerve-muscle connectivity, affecting the quality of executive functions. The results may be implemented in designing training program.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EGYETEMI TESTNEVELÉS ÉS SPORT HATÁSA A HALLGATÓK FITTSÉGI ÁLLAPOTÁRA(2020-12-18) Pucsok, József Márton; Balogh, László; Ráthonyi, Gergely; Varga, Katalin; Bíró, Eszter; Perényi, Gabriella; Lenténé Puskás, AndreaThe physical fitness state of university students has deteriorated over the years. Relevant data is needed to investigate this tendency thoroughly. We conducted a longitudinal examination among university students in Debrecen, Hungary. At the first stage of our examinations, we examined sixty male and female participants to assess their physical fitness status. They participated in four different activities (pilates, spinning, wellness-general fitness, body-shaping) once a week. Each exercise session lasted for 90 minutes. We conducted a pre-and post-exercise screening, which consisted of a Beep-test, push-up, and sit-up tests. We hypothesized that the different types of activities might alter the exercise response. Aerobic performance, upper-body, and abdominal strength may differ depending on the type of exercise—international recommendations suggesting that 150 minutes of physical activity is necessary for physical fitness benefits. Our results demonstrated that 90 minutes of exercise might significantly improve inactive young adults' physical fitness state once a week.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető ÉJSZAKAI LÉGZÉSZAVAR EPIZÓDOK ÉS A SZÍVFREKVENCIA VARIABILITÁS KAPCSOLATA(2020-03-20) Szabó, Krisztina; Balogh, László; Ihász, FerencPurpose: We wanted to assess the values of expected night-time and day-time variability of the heart rate, in the presence of dyspnea episodes during night-time, recorded by a Holter monitor. Objective: Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal breathing disorders affect the HRV indexes. Methods: 40 patients participated in our survey. 20 of them experienced episodes of night-time breathing difficulty, and the control group consisted of 20 participants in whose case there were no episodes of night-time breathing difficulty. We were examining the domains of time and frequency of heart rate variability, using day-time and night-time values recorded by a 24-hour Schiller Medilog Holter monitor. We evaluated the distribution of the parameters with a continuous codomain, their typical distribution and expected values on histograms, and summarized them in a table. For the examination of the difference in averages the Two-Sample T- Test was used, where p<0.05. Results: The vegetative equilibrium ratio and the standard deviation of the R-R intervals showed a significant difference between the apnea patients and the healthy group at night. Examining the severity of apnea, we didn't find significant difference between the two groups in the mean of the time and frequency indices, however, a decrease in the values of the apnea group was observed compared to the control group. Conclusion: Night differences in the vegetative equilibrium rate and time parameters of the apnea patients and the control group, as well as differences in the HRV index recorded by the change in the severity of the disease, draw attention to the importance of the HRV indicators with HOLTER monitors.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EVOLUTION OF THE COMPONENTS OF SPORTSMANSHIP AND AGGRESSION IN TERMS OF WATER POLO PLAYER POSITIONS(2021-12-30) Dávid, Barbara; Csukonyi, Csilla; Ocsenás, Dorottya; Kardos, SándorTwo commonly used constructs in sport psychology researches are aggression and sportsmanship. In the present research, we attempted to assess the correlations between these two phenomena among male water polo players. The main objective was to explore the differences in aggression in the sport-specific positions of water polo in different aspects - physique, age, etc. - considered. Furthermore, the research sought to demonstrate the inverse relationship between aggression and sportsmanship in a water polo sample. To access these constructs in our research besides the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Sportsmanship Attitude Scale a self-formulated water polo specific questionnaire was used, which intended to measure the aggression in the water during water polo matches. From the results, it can be seen that, according to our sample, both the trait aggression of the players and the role determined by their positions in the game play a decisive role when it comes to the aggression of an athlete. Moreover, the results obtained for water polo players also proved that sportsmanship and aggression are two contradictory constructs.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető THE EXAMINATION OF BALL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN YOUTH FOOTBALL PLAYERS(2024-01-24) Haraszti, Patrik Zoltán; Lente, Lajos; Pucsok, József Márton; Lenténé Puskás, AndreaIn modern football , in addition to advanced physical and mental abilities , players must have excellent technical skills. Coaches must emphasize the development of ball skills during youth training that will enable athletes to execute technical elements accurately and precisely, even at a fast game pace. The present research investigated the significance and effects of ball skill development among youth football players. The study focuses on the role and importance of technical elements in football, implementing the Coerver training method. Material and methods: The U11, U13, and U14 youth teams of Loki Focisuli Debrecen KSE participated in the study. We examined the effect of a 14-week training program on ball skills. We implemented sport-specific tests to assess these technical skills. Fourteen weeks later, we conducted the second measurement under the same conditions. Results and conclusion: The study confirmed that youth football players may improve ball skills with the help of a 14-week training program based on Coerver's training method. The most significant improvement was measured in the U11 age group.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EXAMINATION OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS AFFECTING SPORTS PERFORMANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF ATHLETE EXPERIENCE(2022-07-06) Donka, Dorottya Bianka; Balogh, LászlóIntroduction: In our research, we investigated the components, executive functions, and cognitive abilities underlying decision-making in sports performance using a computer-based test system. To define the athlete experience, we classified athletes according to an exact, unambiguous definition following international terminology, based on their performance, achievement, playing age, and sport's popularity. We hypothesize that team athlete with significant athletic experience will perform better on the executive function test. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on team athletes N=52. The VTS-DT test was used to measure executive function. The classification of athlete experience was based on an internationally accepted taxonomy defined with scientific precision (SWANNN, 2015). Results: When classified by athlete experience, the athletes we studied fell into amateur and elite categories. The DT/S2 scores of the two groups were compared based on each factor. We obtained trend-like correlations for the factors 'number of reactions', 'number of stimulations,' and 'number of good responses. Correlation analysis was performed between the factors on a group-by-group basis. When examining the relationship between reaction time, we found that there is a strong relationship with the number of stimulations (amateurs: r = -0.80; elite athletes: r = -0.87) since the faster someone is (i.e., the less reaction time), the more times they can respond to stimulations. Looking at the results for elite athletes, we also observe a moderately strong relationship between reaction time and the number of good responses (r = -0.68). We may suggest that experienced athletes could produce better responses faster than less professional athletes. Conclusions: Our hypotheses were partially confirmed, as we found a trend-like correlation that elite athletes scored higher on the DT test, which examined athletes' executive functions in a complex, adaptive way. Our research demonstrates that, on the one hand, it is worthwhile for coaches to build on experienced athletes when assembling a team, in addition to the momentum of young athletes, and that the development of executive functions and cognitive skills can improve the performance of athletes.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EXAMINATION OF FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT STATUS, INJURY HISTORY AND SPECIFIC MOTOR PERFORMANCE AMONG YOUNG ELITE FOOTBALL PLAYERS(2023-04-05) Pucsok, József Márton; Szentes-Szendrey, Anna; Balogh, László; Tarnóczy, ZalánPurpose: The primary aim of this study was to find any relationship between total and selected FMS scores, recent (within two years) injury status, and specific motor performance. The secondary purpose of the study was to examine, wheather is there any relationship between injuries of the hamstring muscle and injuries of the hip and knee joints of the body. Material and methods: Youth and junior football players were volunteered to take part in our examination. A total of 45 subjects participated in our study, their age varied from 16 to 19. We implemented a five to one scoring system to identify the status of injuries. Finally, a complete FMS testing and a single leg (unilateral) standing long jump test were performed, involving all participants.Beside evaluating the total FMS scores of the participants, we chose to specifically stress on five test batteries out of seven. Out of the five tests we further focused on three FMS tests. Results and conclusion: In this given population, we have not found significant relationship between total FMS scores and overall scores (5 to 1) of injury status. Our results also did not indicate any significant correlation between selected FMS scores and single leg standing long jump performance.