Theses (MÉK)

Állandó link (URI) ehhez a gyűjteményhez

https://hdl.handle.net/2437/251429

Theses collection of the Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management. The collection was started in 2018.

At the University of Debrecen, in accordance with the 2022 amendment to the 2011 Higher Education Act, student theses are only accessible from devices connected to the University's Eduroam WiFi network or from a university IP address.

“The thesis or diploma work of a student who has successfully passed the final examination shall be stored in full in the academic system of the higher education institution, and a record shall be maintained thereof. The stored theses and diploma works – with the exception of parts classified as confidential in accordance with the relevant legislation – must be made accessible and searchable without restriction through the academic system.” Further info on the National Higher Education Act in Hungarian: Felsőokt. tv. (új) - 2011. évi CCIV. törvény a nemzeti felsőoktatásról - Hatályos Jogszabályok Gyűjteménye.

Böngészés

Megjelenítve 1 - 20 (Összesen 41)

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A review of ultrasound-assisted freezing
Le, Quoc Long; Prokisch, József; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
Ultrasound has enormous potential for use in the freezing process and could bring many benefits to the food industry in particular and the community in general. This thesis summarizes key findings from selected studies and analyze them to identify trends, patterns, and gaps in the current research of ultrasound-assisted freezing. The application of ultrasound can increase freezing speed and efficiency, create more uniform frozen particle sizes, improve product quality, reduce product loss, and save energy. However, limitations were also noted, such as variability in food composition and complexity of integration. Therefore, several proposals are made in the hope of generating research and subsequently practical applications of this novel technology.
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Analysis of physico-chemical composition, nutritional impact, and health risk assessment of rosé wines from different Hungarian wine regions
Rivera, Geremie; Czipa, Nikolett; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
The objective of this study was to analyse the physico-chemical composition, nutritional impact, and health risk assessment of rosé wines manufactured from Hungarian wine regions: Balatonboglár, Eger, and Villány. The parameters measured were pH, sugar content, total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC), and element content (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Al, B, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr, Zn). The highest pH, sugar content, TPC, and FC were measured in Balatonboglár wines, as well as the highest concentrations for K, Mg, Na, Al, Mn, and Sr. Eger wines obtained the highest Ca, B, and Ba contents, whereas Villány wines showed the highest P, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn contents. None of the rosé wine samples presented significant health risks based on the risk assessment.
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ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL OF BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE AS A SUSTAINABLE PROTEIN SOURCE FOR AFRICAN CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS)
MAINA, JOHN KIGURU; Bársony, Péter; Knop, Renáta; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
The aquaculture sector has shown an incredible annual growth rate of 15.55%, with production levels rising from 110,200 tons in 1995 to more than 2.19 million tons by 2018 (HINRICHSEN et al., 2022). The African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) distinguishes itself from other species by its exceptional adaptation to a variety of aquatic conditions, fast growth rate, and high market demand. Despite the many advantages of farming C. gariepinus, the aquaculture industry faces several challenges that threaten its long-term viability and further development. One key concern is the high cost of feed, which accounts sometimes 85% of total fish farmers' operating expenses (SHUMO et al., 2019). Traditional aquaculture feeds heavily on fishmeal that is derived from wild-caught fish stocks, which is both unsustainable and leads to depletion of marine resources and loss of biodiversity. The production of fish meal makes the market price to be on the rise as it has utility in both humans and animals. The situation illustrates the urgent need for alternatives sources to protein that could lower feeding costs while ensuring the sustainability of aquaculture practices. Blood meal, poultry byproducts, meat and bone meals, and microbial elements have shown to have a positive effect on growth of various fish species (GASCO et al., 2018). Even though these alternatives seem promising, there are still obstacles to overcome, such as improving growth, ease of digestion, and nutritional availability. The present study focuses on the mass production of these components while also analyzing their influence on the health of fish to reduce reliance on traditional feed sources and ensure the use of sustainable aquaculture techniques (FANTATTO et al., 2024; Hua et al., 2019.). Insects have been cited to being versatile and animals and humans have always had insects as part of the diet. There are over 2000 species of insects that are regarded as a delicacy in Latin America, Africa and Asia (AYIEKO et al., 2010). The nutritional content of these insects varies not only between varied species but also within the same species. Insects are consumed for their protein, minerals, medicinal value, and cultural significance amongst different communities in the world (AYIEKO ET AL., 2010). Moreover, a study by RUMPOLD & SCHLÜTER, (2013) showed that most insects provide nutritional benefits to human diets since they are reach in zinc, copper, phosphorous, magnesium, manganese, biotin, folic acid, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and some contain riboflavin. Regions plays a key role in choice of insect, in temperate region, insects such as crickets cockroaches ,common house fly larvae, and wax moths are preferred for pet food and also as fish baits (MMARI et al., 2017).In addition, crickets, black soldier fly and common housefly have been pointed out as future insects in the poultry and pet sector (BELHADJ SLIMEN et al., 2023) Along waste management practices, black soldier fly larvae have been instrumental in reduction of foul smell associated with waste, reducing biomass of waste that would pose as a health hazard and reduction of the moisture content of farm waste (MUNGUTI et al., 2023). The larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFL) have demonstrated to be an appropriate choice due to their beneficial nutritional profile and environmental benefits (ARAGÃO et al., 2022). When compared to conventional fish meal in aquatic nutrition, BSFL offers a comparative alternative due to its high protein content, antioxidant characteristic and an extensive range of amino acids. (GASCO et al., 2018). The feed, Black soldier fly larvae was bought from a Hungarian company called GRINSECT, Hódmezővásárhely. It contained Crude protein 55%, Crude Fat10% and a moisture content of 4%. Fish meal and fish oil was from Poland. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared. The fish meal was replaced at an interval of 0%,25%,50% and 75%. The other feed components used in the mix were purchased locally from reliable producers. Water was added to make a uniform mixture, 6% of total weight. It was added to make dough which was later pelletized after drying for 24 hours. Pellet size was 4.55 mm by use of a commercial pelletizer machine. (Table 3) Our research was carried out to examine the effect of replacing fishmeal with black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFL) on the growth performance and feed utilization of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The results of this study provide insights on the use of defatted Black Soldier Larvae meal inclusion, in the diet of African Catfish. Notably, the study results align with (Maranga et al., 2022) in demonstrating that lower inclusion levels of 25% BSFL and 50% BSFL meal have a positive effect on the growth parameters such as final weight gain, % weight gain, average daily growth, Standard Growth Rate (SGR), and Relative Growth Rate (RGR), comparable to the control diet (0% BSF). Conversely, high inclusion levels of 75% BSFL had a significant decline in the growth metrics. The ANOVA revealed significant difference in weight gain among the treatments. Control, BSFL 25%, BSFL 50% and BSFL 75% groups (P value < 0.05). The Tukey HSD Post Hoc test identified specific differences. Fish fed on 25% BSF(275 g) meal had an average weight gain that was 66 grams more than fish fed on 75% BSF(208 g) meal (P value =0.004).Fish fed on 50% BSF (291 g)meal had an average weight gain that was 83grams more than fish fed on 75% BSF meal (P value =0.004).Whereas control treatment(290 g) had an average weight gain that was 82 grams more than fish fed on 75% BSF (P value =0.004). All other comparisons between Control and BSF 25%, Control and BSF 50% and between BSFL 50% and BSFL 25% treatments were not significant as the P value >0.05. The fish fed on BSFL meal 25% and BSFL meal 50% did not show statistically significant difference from the control. (Figure 4&5). Black Soldier Fly larvae meal is a suitable alternative to the conventional fish meal diets of African catfish up to an inclusion level of 50%. The feed conversion ratio increases with levels of the larvae meal in the diet as at treatment BSF 75%, the FCR attained 2.23, while BSF 50% and BSF 25% an FCR of 1.82 and 1.76, respectively.
Korlátozottan hozzáférhető
Assessment of backfat thickness pre-farrowing and reproductive performance of sows in commercial farms located Hungary and south Africa
Motaung, Thabang; Novotni-Dankó, Gabriella; Osotsi, Joab Malanda; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
In contemporary commercial piggeries, evaluating the physical condition of the pigs has become one of the most important aspects that needs to be emphasized in order to maximize output targets and achieve the goals. Better welfare for the sows is indicated by optimal body condition, although achieving sufficient output is also necessary, especially in herds with high production levels. Compared to visual grading, backfat thickness evaluation is regarded as a more objective and reliable method of evaluating pig body condition. The overall goal of my research was to assess the relationship of backfat thickness pre-farrowing on sow reproduction parameters across different parities. The focus of the study was in selected farms in Hungary and South Africa. The specific objectives were - - - To establish backfat thickness trends pre farrowing for different sow parities to understand their variations To assess the relationship between backfat thickness pre farrowing and reproductive parameters (live born, stillborn and mummies) To compare the backfat thickness trends and reproduction parameters of sows in South Africa and Hungary. The findings demonstrate the impact of management strategies by showing a wide range of production output variability. The thickness of the backfat varied significantly between sows of different parities, with parity 1 sows displaying a higher backfat. These results suggest that at various phases of parity, particular nutrition and care strategies are needed to optimize sow health and reproduction. Maintaining a healthy physical state that encourages ongoing productivity without running the risk of productivity-related problems may become more important as parity increases. Tailored feeding plans based on parity can enhance herd performance and increase reproduction success. According to the study, backfat thickness shows a significant link with mummified and stillborn piglets but a weak negative correlation with live birth rates. Given the positive association of back fat thickness for mummies and stillbirths, particular care strategies are needed. By focusing on preserving ideal physical conditions, producers can improve their total herd productivity and reproductive performance. 35 The data from the South African herd clears demonstrate the change in BFT from farrowing to weaning . The change in BFT as reflected by data is within accepted ranges reported elsewhere. Both data herds (Hungarian and South African) shows that indeed BFT has an effect on the reproduction a parameter( LB, SB, and Mms). Moreover, the South African herd data reveal the effect of parity on the number of piglets weaned.
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Assessment of Safety, Quality and Efficacy of Ayurvedic Formulations
Choudhury, Hoimonti; Máthé, Endre; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This research study is a step forward in bridging the gap between the ancient Ayurvedic formulations, which are essentially what we today call “nutraceuticals” and the need for scientific validation of its efficacy in order to achieve universal recognition and acceptability. Two ayurvedic samples (SAM1 and SAM2) generally known for its anti-diabetic effects were investigated in this study. These were assessed for the following parameters: a) Quality- through investigation of nutritional capacity using Drosophila melanogaster-based model and quantitative analysis of the Total Phenolic Compounds (TPC), Total Flavonoid Compounds (TPC) and antioxidant properties b) Safety- through investigation of its toxic effects on Drosophila viability c) Efficacy- through investigation of its rescue effect on High Sugar diet-induced stress and study of Position Effect Variegation to know its epigenetic influence. Presence of TPC, TFC and antioxidant properties were detected and quantified in both samples. Both samples showed health enhancing effects and had an epigenetic influence on the expression of the white gene in white mottled (wm4h) strain of Drosophila melanogaster.
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Biocontrol potential of essential oils against wheat rust diseases and their effects on wheat yield components
Mashilimu, Seni; Tarcali, Gábor; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of some essential oils against wheat rust diseases. Three essential oils were tested namely;- Lavandula angustifolia, Melaleuca alternifolia, and Mentha piperita. In the same experiment in other plots, two commercial fungicides (Riza 250EW and Revyona), one plant conditioner (Rhizomagic), and a control were included to compare the results. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments where the standard commercial fungicide reduced the disease severity compared to the control. However, no significant difference existed between the tested essential oils and the control. .
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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Juglans regia L. (green walnut) plant extract and sensory evaluation of green walnut bee product
Thengum Thaikkal, Murshid; Kovács, Béla Róbert; Mukarram Sheikh, Ayaz; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
Through the reduction of silver ions by phytochemicals present in green walnut extract, silver nanoparticles of controlled size and morphology can be synthesized. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized using techniques such as TEM, XRD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and to analyze their properties. This green synthesis approach aligns with the growing demand for environment-friendly and biocompatible nanomaterials. The sensory analysis of green walnut bee products, produced by feeding honey bees with green walnut feed, provides valuable insights into the unique sensory characteristics and potential qualities of this specialized honey variety. Through careful evaluation of different sensory parameters, this study sheds light on the sensory profile and consumer appeal of green walnut bee products
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Characterization of dairy farm practices and performance focusing on production and reproduction indices: A case study in a Holstein Friesian - Girolando farm in Baguio City, Philippines
Capuyan, Cecilia; Novotniné-Dankó, Gabriella; Osotsi, Joab Malanda; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
The thesis evaluates the productive and reproductive performance of a government-owned dairy farm in Baguio City, managed by the Department of Agriculture, Regional Field Office - Cordillera Administrative Region (DA RFO - CAR). The study analyzes retrospective data from 2020 to 2025, focusing on 25 Holstein Friesian cows bred with Girolando semen. It aims to establish a baseline for dairy farming in the region by examining key indices such as milk yield (MY), lactation length (LL), average daily milk yield (AMY), calving interval (CI), calf birth weight, and calf sex ratios across three lactations. Through qualitative discussions with farm staff, the research also investigates operational challenges like feed availability, labor management, and equipment issues. By developing a systematic database for improved record-keeping, the study identifies strengths (e.g., peak performance in Lactation 2) and weaknesses (e.g., low milk yield and male bias in Lactation 3). It proposes strategies to enhance performance and productivity. Recommendations include optimizing feed quality, standardizing lactation lengths, using high-quality sexed semen, applying lean management principles, and improving equipment maintenance to support the Philippines' Dairy Industry Roadmap goals of increasing local milk production.
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CHEMICAL PROFILING OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN DRIED CULINARY HERBS
MBARAK, NAHWIA KHALID; BENI, ARON; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This study examined the levels of six bioactive compounds—thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, and α-pinene—in five herbs (rosemary, oregano, thyme, cumin, and cloves) sourced from Kenya and Hungary, using ethanol-based ultrasonic extraction and HPLC-DAD. The research aimed to explore regional differences in phytochemical profiles in the context of antimicrobial resistance. Results showed significant variations, such as higher thymol in Hungarian cumin and thyme, and more carvacrol and α-pinene in Kenyan herbs. Despite limitations like small sample size and lack of replication, the study demonstrated HPLC-DAD's reliability and suggested future studies use larger, more controlled samples.
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CHITOSAN AND TRICHODERMA STRAINS AS BIOCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST PENICILLIUM IN WALNUTS (JUGLANS REGIA L.)
Naammo, Eyesun; Karaffa, Erzsébet; Alexa, Loránd; Zabiák, Andrea; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
Our work starts by evaluating the antifungal efficacy of Trichoderma strains (TR04 Trichoderma afroharzianum and TR05 Trichoderma gamsii) and chitosan against Penicillium species, alongside an analysis of fungal contamination in walnut kernels from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Hungary. Through a dual culture assay, well diffusion assay, and fungal population study, the experiments provide compelling evidence of the biocontrol potential of these agents and highlight the global challenge posed by fungal pathogens in walnut production. Dual culture assay demonstrated that Trichoderma strains TR04 and TR05 significantly curtailed Penicillium growth on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates, likely through mycoparasitism and antibiosis, as evidence by reduced Penicillium colony sizes compared to control. The well diffusion assay confirmed chitosan’s effectiveness, with 0.5% and 1% (w/v) solutions producing clear zones of inhibition, attributed to disruption of fungal cell integrity or spore germination suppression. Fungal population analysis revealed that Penicillium and Aspergillus species dominated the microbial profiles of both Kurdistan and Hungarian walnuts, even in visually healthy kernels, indicating a widespread contamination issue with potential mycotoxin risks. These findings validate Trichoderma and chitosan as sustainable biocontrol tools for managing Penicillium in walnuts, offering eco-friendly alternatives of chemical treatment. The prevalence of Penicillium and Aspergillus across regions underscores the need for proactive, globally coordinated strategies to ensure walnut safety and quality. Recommendations include integrating Trichoderma and chitosan into walnut production, enhancing fungal monitoring, pursuing further research to optimize biocontrol applications, and fostering international collaboration to address fungal challenges effectively. The walnut samples offer divers opportunities for food applications, with TEKI and KOKI excelling in dry matter and TPC, TEKO leading in flavonoids, and KOKO providing consistency. PEKO and PEKI, while less distinguished, remain viable for general uses, though PEKI requires processing improvements. By aligning product development, quality control, and labeling with these profiles, stakeholders can optimize nutritional and commercial outcomes. TEKI and KOKI, with high dry matter and TPC, are prime candidates for antioxidant rich, premium products, while TEKO’s flavonoid richness suits functional foods. KOKO’s uniformity supports low fat applications, and PEKO is best for general uses. PEKI’s variability and lower content require processing enhancements. Recommendations include stringent quality control for TEKO, clear nutritional labeling to emphasize KOKI and TEKO’s antioxidant benefits, and further research to address variability and explore functional properties, ensuring these samples meet diverse market needs. The elemental analysis demonstrates that PEKI and PEKO exhibited the highest levels of key elements, indicating rich profile. TEKI excelled in copper and magnesium, while KOKO led in iron and showed consistent calcium and zinc content. KOKI had lower magnesium and calcium and TEKO recorded the lowest potassium with higher variability in phosphorus and calcium. Dry matter adjusted values highlighted PEKI’s nutrient density and KOKI’s lower magnesium. The absence of detectable toxic elements confirms the samples’ safety, supporting their use in nutrient dense food products, with PEKI and PEKO ideal for health focused applications and KOKO suited for consistent formulations.
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN INTENSIVELY AND EXTENSIVELY CULTURED COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio)
Daud, Ibrahim Abdi; Kovács, Béla Róbert; Fehér, Milán; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
Fish is a valuable source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, proteins, and essential elements. The consumption of fish worldwide increased from 9.9 kg in the 1960s to 19.7 kg in 2013, indicating a growing demand for fish, as demonstrated by the rapid growth of aquaculture. Common carp farming ranks as the world's third most extensive and economically significant species in freshwater. However, fish may be a significant source of human exposure to potentially harmful heavy metals due to increased aquatic pollution from industrial discharge, household waste, agricultural runoff, mine drainage, and unintentional oil spills. This study aimed to compare the differences in heavy metal accumulation between the liver, muscle, and gonad tissues of intensively and extensively cultured common carp and to determine which culture system is more contaminated. The fish tissues were analyzed for heavy metals (Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Molybdenum, Manganese, Aluminum, Nickel, Cobalt, and Iron) using ICP-MS type XSeriesII. The results indicated that the liver exhibited the highest concentration of all the heavy metals, except for selenium, which had the highest concentration in the gonad tissues, followed by the fillets, while the liver showed the lowest concentration. The accumulation pattern observed was liver > muscle > gonad for Pb, Cr, Cu, and Al. Conversely, Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and Mo demonstrated a liver > gonad > muscle pattern, while for selenium, a gonad > muscle > liver pattern was noted. Arsenic concentration remained below the detection limit in all tissues of the differently cultured fish. Several heavy metal concentrations in the tissues of intensively cultured common carp exceeded the permissible limits set by EC (EC) 2023/915, WHO/FAO, and US EPA more than the extensively cultured fish tissues. This study, therefore, concludes that intensive culture is more contaminated than the extensive system. However, the study also recommends further research to identify the sources of contamination in intensive systems.
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Comparative efficacy of plant Tconditioners, essential oils versus fungicides in managing rust and powdery mildew in winter wheat
Msigwa, Christopher; Tarcali, Gábor; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This research evaluated the effectiveness of plant conditioners, peppermint essential oil, and a conventional fungicide (Amistar) in managing rust fungi and powdery mildew in spring wheat under field conditions at the University of Debrecen, Hungary. A randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replications was used, assessing disease incidence and yield parameters. Results showed no significant differences in yield metrics among treatments, but yields (2.4 t/ha) were notably below Hungary's average (5.6 t/ha), suggesting losses due to disease pressure. The fungicide was most effective against both diseases, while the plant conditioner controlled rust fungi but not powdery mildew, and peppermint oil had moderate success with powdery mildew but little effect on rust. Weather conditions favored fungal development, with temperature and rainfall positively correlating with rust fungi, and humidity with powdery mildew. The study highlights the need for further research on optimizing alternative treatments within integrated pest management frameworks to sustainably manage wheat diseases.
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Comparison of drying technologies
Xaymounvong, Deuantavanh; Fekete, István; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This thesis is a comparison between drying technologies then at the end of the research one of the technology will be choosen as the most suitable, taking Laos economic situation in consideration. During the research, five different fruits are part of the experiment, going through three types of drying technology. After the dried sample are collected, further texture analysis will take place and the results will be analysed with illustrated graphs and explanation. Furthermore, organoleptic surveys are handed out to 20 participants, asking for opinions regarding taste, texture, appearance and smell. The result of organoleptic surveys will the analysed in section based on the technologies in order to see the difference from each categories (taste, texture, appearancee, smell). Lastly, all aspect from each analysis results are considered all together on average and then concluded which technology will be fast and the most benefitial after the implication of the drying technology in Laos.
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Comprehensive analysis of super absorbent polymers effects in diverse soil types
Barrero Rubiano, Ferney Adriano; Nagy, Péter Tamás; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
In response to the challenges facing global agriculture, this study explores the potential efficacy of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) specifically Stockosorb and Zeba, on three distinct soil types: Sandy Soil, Meadow Chernozem, and Calcareous Chernozem. Through the application of varying SAP doses, the research aims to evaluate their impact on critical soil parameters including pH, Electroconductivity, Nitrate, and Ammonium content. Moreover, it investigates their role in extending water retention, mitigating crop wilting, and reducing water consumption. It is noted that higher concentrations of SAPs do not necessarily yield superior results; rather, the study underscores the importance of considering the relationship between SAP absorption capacity and the water uptake ability by plants. This understanding is essential for informed decision-making in agricultural practices. Conducted in the greenhouse facilities at the Institute of Water and Environmental Management of the University of Debrecen during March 2024, the findings highlight Zeba treatment at a concentration of 0.5 g/kg of soil as a promising approach under the conditions evaluated for enhancing agricultural sustainability and escalating water scarcity challenges.
Szabadon hozzáférhető
Cultivation of pleurotus ostreatus mycelia on apple pomace media
KAMARUDIN, NUR FATIHAH BINTI; Peles, Ferenc; Seresné, Gréta Törős; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This study explores the innovative reuse of apple pomace, an agricultural byproduct from juice production, as a substrate to enhance mushroom cultivation, specifically for Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushrooms). Through this approach, the research aims to boost sustainability in agriculture by turning waste into a productive resource, thus reducing environmental pollution and supporting a circular economy model. The thesis examines the nutrient-rich composition of apple pomace, especially its carbon and protein content, as an ideal medium for mycelium growth. Experimentation was conducted in the Food Science Laboratory at the University of Debrecen, testing various concentrations of apple pomace in agar mediums, which revealed that lower concentrations (200 g/L) fostered higher mycelial growth. This research provides insights into optimizing mushroom yield using apple pomace while addressing potential risks like contamination from pesticides or heavy metals.
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Determining the Effect of Irrigation Method on Soil and Yield
Owanga, Winnie; Szőllősi, Nikolett; Zsembeli, József; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This thesis investigated how drip and sprinkler irrigation methods influenced soil and crop performance in the semi-arid, saline conditions of Karcag, Hungary. It focused on five vegetable crops: zucchini, tomato, green pepper, beans, and sweet corn. The research aimed to examine the effects of these irrigation methods on soil moisture, salinity, chlorophyll content, and crop productivity. It was explained that assessing water use efficiency and sustainability under these environmental conditions was a central objective. The study was intended to support improved irrigation practices in salt-affected and water-limited regions.
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Determining the effect of soil enhancers on desalination of soil and yield potential of bean and cucumber
Khattab, Zahira Azhar; Szőllősi, Nikolett; Zsembeli, József; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This study investigated the effectiveness of two soil enhancers, Physiomax and Leonardite, in reclaiming saline soils and improving crop productivity under semi-controlled conditions in Hungary. Using lysimeters filled with meadow chernozem soil and irrigated with saline tap water, the research assessed soil moisture retention, salt leaching, and plant performance across multiple depths. Both conditioners enhanced surface soil moisture and promoted salt movement to deeper layers, with Leonardite showing greater salt leaching capacity and green bean yield, while Physiomax improved chlorophyll content and cucumber yield. Despite observed improvements, results varied by season, soil depth, and crop type, and statistical analysis found no significant differences between treatments. The findings suggest that both amendments have potential, but their effectiveness depends on crop tolerance, salinity intensity, and treatment duration.
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Dose dependence effect of tannins on feeding activity of Colorado potato beetle larvae (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say)
Okiria Aisu, Latif; Nagy, Antal; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
In this research, the dose-dependence effect of tannins was evaluated under laboratory conditions, with the aim of providing a more environmentally friendly option that minimizes the use of conventional chemical control and prove the applicability of tannins as an alternative control method The specific objectives were to identify the effect of tannins on the feeding activity of the Colorado potato beetle, and to determine the most effective dose of tannins in controlling the Colorado potato beetle When we statistically evaluate the dynamic of the studied effect, we find that the higher concentrations have a significant negative effect on feeding activity compared to the control group already after 24 hours of diet. On the first day, the 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.0% tannins had a significant effect, while this could not be proven in the case of the 0.6% treatment. The highest concentration was the most efficient.
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Dynamic interaction between extreme climatic events and maize production in South Africa: comprehensive research on a regional scale
Letswamotse, Tshepiso; Mohammed, Safwan; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
The study sought to ascertain the effects of agricultural drought on South African maize production. Rainfall-based Standardized Precipitation Index is used at the 3-month (SPI-3) and 6-month (SPI-6) scales to assess the drought trends over a 30-year period (1993-2022) and Standardized Yield Residual Series (SYRS), which was associated with SPI-3 and SPI-6 was calculated to provide the country's real yield loss intensity and percentage at the provincial level. To evaluate the drought resilience of maize crop on a provincial level ,the Crop-Drought Resilience Factor is calculated for the driest year of the crop's growing season. Analysis reveals dynamic shifts in agricultural drought occurrences and its impact on maize yield over 30 years.
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Effective colonization of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia through self liquid culture media
Kosumi, Fjolle; Seresné Törős, Gréta; Peles, Ferenc; DE--Mezőgazdaság- Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar
This study aims to explore the growth of P. ostreatus mycelium using mushroom liquid-based culture media. The experiment was conducted using mushroom liquid produced in the laboratory from oyster mushrooms and white button mushrooms. The study evaluated the colonization rate, mycelial density, produced biomass, and incubation conditions. The results showed that mushroom extract liquid has great potential as a culture medium for the cultivation of P. ostreatus mycelium. It promotes faster growth rate and higher biomass content, which maximizes the yield of P. ostreatus mycelium. Moreover, this mushroom extract liquid can be used as a valuable resource for the production of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial and prebiotic properties. It can also be used for further research and application in the food industry.

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Theses (MÉK) Tárgyszó szerinti böngészés "Agricultural Sciences"

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