Gerundium (DE-Journals)
Állandó link (URI) ehhez a gyűjteményhez
A folyóirat a DE-journals platformon keresztül jelenik meg és a https://ojs.lib.unideb.hu/gerundium címen érhető el.
Böngészés
legfrissebb feltöltések
Megjelenítve 1 - 20 (Összesen 457)
Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető EÖTVÖS LORÁND TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM IRATAINAK SORSA AZ 1950-ES ÉVEKBEN(2022-12-26) Tóth, KrisztinaAt Eötvös Loránd University, registers have been kept continuously since its foundation in 1635. The storage of these and then the documents and minutes created in the rector’s and dean’s offices posed a challange to the institution at the beginning of the 20th century. From 1948, in accordance with the decrees and instructions issued in the name of paper-saving, as well as the archival decree published in 1950, large-scale document disposition began, and the remaining documents were transferred to the Hungarian National Archives. The documents created between 1635 and 1900 were transported from the university in 1951. From 1952, in addition to the disposition, documents also had to be transferred to the Hungarian Labour Movement Institute, so only a fraction of the documents created after 1900 ended up in the National Archives between 1953 and 1955. In November 1956, a fire broke out in the National Archives as a result of a shot, and all the delivered documents of the university were destroyed. Between 1948 and 1956, the Eötvös Loránd University suffered an irreparable loss, since according to conservative estimates, only 20 meters of documents remained out of approximately 2500 meters of documents, and thus it lost not only its documents, but also a large part of its past.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető KESZTYŰS LÓRÁND KÓRÉLETTAN PROFESSZOR, AZ 1951-BEN FÜGGTLENNÉ VÁLT DEBRECENI ORVOSTUDOMÁNYI EGYETEMNEK DÉKÁNKÉNT ELSŐ VEZETŐJE, MAJD KÉTSZER (1959-1963, 1967-1973) ANNAK REKTORA(2022-12-26) Csaba, Béla; Sipka, Sándor; Muszbek, László; Fésüs, LászlóIn 1951 Lóránd Kesztyűs as dean became the first head of the University Medical School of Debrecen formed from the Faculty of Medicine of the Debrecen University, and then he was elected rector of the institution for two periods (1959-1963, 1967-1973). He had determining roles in the infrastructural extension of departments and clincics, in modernisation of medical education with increased number of medical students, in enhancing productivity of scientific research, in developing clinical service with high regional and national reputation and in shaping a performance based, democratic leadership managament under restrictive conditions of a state party centralized political system. His internationally recognised research activity and national science policy achievements led to foundation of immunology and allergy research in Hungary. He was elected to member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Establishing the related department, with text book writing and creating his school of scientists, made him a momentous professor of pathophysiology. His friendly, direct and open persionality had an important role in realisation of a succesful leadership and organizational climate at the departmental and institutional level. Presentation of his achievements is based on a monograph of his past co-worker with reflections of three professors (two of them also served as rectors) .Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető 1635-ÖS NAGYSZOMBATI EGYETEMALAPÍTÁS PÁPAI ELISMERTSÉGÉNEK KÉRDÉSÉHEZ(2022-12-26) Tusor, PéterIt is a cornerstone of Hungarian historiography that the foundation of the University of Nagyszombat in 1635 was merely approved by the Emperor. Pope Urban VIII refused to confirm it because of the lack of a medical and legal faculty. The present study establishes that, from the side of the Apostolic See and thus also from the side of canon law, recognition was granted by prior authorization to the foundation of the University of Nagyszombat (Trnava) by Archbishop Peter Pázmány in 1635. It turns out that the failure to obtain immediate papal confirmation of the foundation of the university on 12 May 1635 was due to the objections of the leadership of the Jesuit order. It proves that the Roman Curia's failure to solemnly confirm the founding of the Pázmány was not in fact due to the two-faculty nature of the institution, but rather to its Jesuit character. The reasons for this can be found in the more effective lobbying of the medieval universities and the mendicant orders, and the gradual decline of the Society of Jesus. Despite the subsequent confirmation by the Holy See, and the failure to grant university privileges in the form of a bull, the foundation of the university in 1635 may have been carried out with papal approval because Pázmány received a - preliminary - authorisation to found a university from Orban VIII in May 1632, during his imperial embassy to Rome.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető BOGNÁR REZSŐ KÉMIKUS PROFESSZOR, A KOSSUTH LAJOS TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM 1951-54. és 1973-75. TANÉVI RECTOR MAGNIFICUSA(2022-12-26) Virágos, Márta; Sztaricskai, FerencRezső Bognár graduated from the József Nádor University of Technology and Economics in Budapest and worked beside Géza Zemplén at the Institute of Organic Chemistry at the University of Applied Sciences unil 1950. At the age of 35 he already became a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He moved to Debrecen as an academic, where he organised the Institute of Organic Chemistry at the University's newly established Faculty of Natural Sciences. The four decades he has spent in Debrecen have spread far beyond the walls of the institute, since he was rector of the university for a total of five academic years, and vice-rector for seven academic years, both positions he has held on two occasions. He played a particularly significant role in enabling the Debrecen Academic Committee to start its work in 1976 and to build its headquarters in Debrecen.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető ARISZTOKRATA DIÁKOK A „MAGYAR ORSZÁGI ATHENÁSBAN”(2022-12-26) Kökényesi, ZsoltTyrnau (Nagyszombat, Trnava) was a location of great importance in the Jesuit school network of the Kingdom of Hungary, which provided students with various levels of education, from primary to university studies. The country's premier Catholic school centre also played a very important role in the education of the noble and aristocratic families. The aim of this study is to outline and examine the high noble-born student body of the University and Gymnasium of Tyrnau, using the new school records available. In the paper I will try to reconstruct how the function of Tyrnau in the educational practices of the nobility changed over the decades and centuries, which families attended the institution, and through some case studies I will also discuss the role of the knowledge acquired in shaping later careers.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető DEBRECENI AGRÁR-FELSŐOKTATÁS INTÉZMÉNYEK EGYKORI VEZETŐI (1868-1945)(2022-12-26) Surányi, Béla. In 2018, Debrecen's agricultural higher education celebrated a century and a half since its foundation. In the decades since, it has become the country's leading professional education institute for agriculture. It was born in the post-1867 Reconciliation era, realising the vision of the city's farmer society, in line with the state's engagement, which extended the scope of central power, and gave a new impetus to Hungarian education policy and helped to launch the modernisation of Hungarian agriculture. This special anniversary has inspired the chroniclers of our times to provide an overview of the scholarly teachers of a century and a half who were school founders, who were at the head of the institution for a considerable period of time, and whose activities included enhancing the quality of Hungarian agricultural higher education. The articles in the university history journal, Gerundium, serve this purpose.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető NAGYSZOMBATI EGYETEM HALLGATÓSÁGA AZ ÚJABB FORRÁSOK TÜKRÉBEN(2022-12-26) Szögi, László. The University of Nagyszombat, established in 1635, is Hungary's first, continously operating university. It's successors are the Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest and the Pázmány Péter Catholic University. A significant part of the university's archival resources were destroyed in a fire at the Hungarian National Archives during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. Therefore it is extremely difficult to compile a list of the students who studied at the first Hungarian university. Recently, in Esztergom, new, previously unknown sources emerged about the students of the university. In this article we summarise the findings that can be drawn from the new documents regarding the students that studied at the Faculty of Arts and Theology of the University. The article analyses the university's geographical area, the evolution of the number of students and the social stratification of the student population and nationality, the proportion of foreign and national students.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető CZAKÓ JÓZSEF FŐORVOS, A MAROSVÁSÁRHELYI MAGYAR ORVOSKÉPZÉS KLINIKAI HÁTTERÉNEK MEGTEREMTŐJE(2022-12-26) Veress, ÉvaThe study deals with the life and work of dr. József Czakó, chief of medicine, sanatorium director, university professor, about whom very little summary has been written so far. He tries to bring important historical medical data out of obscurity and save them for posterity, which are related to the establishment of the Marosvásárhely Sanatorium and the first heart surgery performed in Transylvania, by organizing the New Hospital, as well as the Hungarian-language medical training that started in 1944 at Marosvásárhely. By using specialized literary sources and unique documents, as well as based on the author's own experiences, relying on the Czakó legacy, he saves the important data, which reveals new information and important details about the health conditions of the small town at the beginning of the last century.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető BUDAI JEZSUITA AKADÉMIA HALLGATÓSÁGA (1713-1777)(2022-12-26) Varga, JúliaThe study presents the historical sources, history, students, educational level and attendance of the Buda Jesuit Academy (1713-1777), the Pest Piarist High School of Arts (1752-1784) and the short-lived Pest Law School (1756-1771). These are so far hardly known institutions of higher education in Buda and Pest before 1777, which laid the foundation for the subsequent flourishing of higher education in the capital.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető ÁLLANDÓ ÉRTÉKEK EGY VÁLTOZÓ VILÁGBAN – 35 ÉVES A SÁNTHA KÁLMÁN SZAKKOLLÉGIUM(2023-06-26) Baráth, Benjámin Regő; Nagy, LászlóStudent organisations, clubs and associations are always a distinctive and often dominant feature of universities in Hungary and abroad. Their purpose, and sometimes their function, is to cater to students' needs and areas of professional activity not covered by regular education and/or not covered in an orthodox way. The structure of higher education in Hungary, and in particular medical education, is rigid, partly due to the rules of the discipline, with lectures, seminars and practicals organised within a strictly regulated framework, which many believe does not provide sufficient scope to fully meet the dynamically changing needs of students, and thus the latest professional trends and technologies, as well as societal issues. Furthermore, the pressures of a busy curriculum and lack of time often do not allow for immediate reflection, experience, and processing of the challenges of our rapidly changing world. The organizations promoting students’ participation in research and various student-initiated organizations serve to fill this apparent gap and to meet the needs of students and teachers. The most prominent of these, in our opinion, is the Sántha Kálmán Faculty College of Advanced Studies, which has existed at the University of Debrecen and its predecessors for 35 years in an ever-changing form, constantly reborn like a phoenix. In this reminiscence, we are summarising the history of the founding and activities of the Sántha Kálmán Faculty College of Advanced Studies, relying on our own memories and experiences, archived documents, and the detailed accounts of former and current members.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető BÖLCSÉSZTANÁROK PUBLIKÁCIÓI A DEBRECENI SZEMLE HASÁBJAIN(2023-11-06) Molnár-Tamus, ViktóriaThe István Tisza Scholarly Society published the journal of high academic quality that had nineteen issues between 1927 and 1944. The authors of the articles were mainly lecturers at the University of Debrecen, teachers at secondary schools, professional writers, intellectuals working in the countryside, nationally renowned scholars and writers. Most of the lecturers in humanities examined in my doctoral thesis regularly published in the columns of Debreceni Szemle, one of the most significant forums of the city’s academic life. The journal was edited by two university professors, János Hankiss and Rezső Milleker. Every second issue covered a social or natural scientific theme. In the beginning, it was published ten times a year, later twelve times, then again ten times or even less frequently during the Second World War, until it was discontinued in 1944, and it was not started again until many years later. The journal was published with the support of the city of Debrecen, but its themes were not limited to regional ones, even though it considered that its primary task. In addition, it was run by the University of Debrecen and the István Tisza Scholarly Society in a relatively high number of copies. From 1932 until its termination, it functioned as the official review of the Society.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető MELLÉKDÍJAK A M. KIR. TISZA ISTVÁN TUDOMÁNYEGYETEMEN A TANDÍJON FELÜL FIZETETT TANULMÁNYI KÖLTSÉGEK VÁLTOZÁSAI DEBRECENBEN A KÉT VILÁGHÁBORÚ KÖZÖTT(2023-06-26) Király, SándorThere were two types of study costs in the universities between the two World Wars, one of them was the tution fee, and the other one was the additional fee. The tution fee had been part of the Hungarian educational system since the middle of the 19th century. Those university students whose parents were in low social status with low income could get tution fee discount or exemption because of their financial situation. But in the case of the different kind of additional fees, there were not any discount or excemption because these fees required for the maintenance of several university institution, like university canteen, patient care fund, or the provision fund of the University Council. The system of these additional fees was different in the Hungarian universities, some additional fees were the same, some not. There were difference in the amount of the additional fees too. In this study, we can see the changes of the additional fee system in Debrecen between the two World Wars. All of the additional fees will be presented, for example canteen fee, patient care fund, and the two type of maintenance surcharges which were made due to the influence of the great economic crisis.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető DEBRECENI REFORMÁTUS KOLLÉGIUM INTÉZKEDÉSEI AZ 1831-ES ÉS 1866-OS KOLERAJÁRVÁNY IDEJÉN(2023-06-26) Bozzay, RékaIn Debrecen, the cholera epidemic of 1831 caused great devastation, killing almost 7.5% of the population. The cure for the epidemic was not yet known, so preventive measures (closures, quarantine) were taken to stop the spread of it. Already the news of the disease caused anxiety among professors, who sought to get the latest news from the city. For a long time, they resisted closing the school, but when the epidemic began to take its toll in the city at the end of July, they were forced to act. Many of the students had left the school early, but those who remained were looked after by the professors. As the epidemic situation worsened, the city even considered converting the college into a hospital, but this was eventually abandoned following protests from the professors and the college's curator. School order was finally restored only in the late autumn. The start of the school year was only briefly postponed during the local epidemic of 1866.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető A MAROSVÁSÁRHELYI JOGAKADÉMIA NEVES TANÁRÁNAK, DÓSA ELEKNEK OKTATÁSI TEVÉKENYSÉGE(2023-06-26) Nagy, PéterThe aim of this study is to present the educational activities of Elek Dósa. The Dósa family played a very important role in the history of legal education in Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureș). From the establishment of the legal education until the closed of the Law Academy, their three generations provided a significant part of the teaching staff. Gergely Dósa was the first who taught law in Târgu Mures. Elek Dósa was partly succeeded by his son Miklós and his nephew Gábor Vályi, who were always the leading figures in the teaching staff of the short-lived Târgu Mures Law Academy, which closed in 1872. Law played a central role in Elek Dósa's life. From a young age, he was preparing to follow in his father's footsteps and hoped that one day his son would take his place at the professorship. Although the family was extensive, it extinct in the second half of the 19th century.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető MOZAIKOK A MAGYAR FELSŐOKTATÁSI AKKREDITÁCIÓS BIZOTTSÁG 30 ÉVES TÖRTÉNETÉHEZ(2023-12-15) Szántó R., TiborMAB is an organization established for the external evaluation of the quality of Hungarian higher education institutions and their study programmes. It was established temporarily in November 1992, with legal definition in 1994. This paper is a concise chronicle of MAB's 30-year history. It attempts to provide only a few, but perhaps not insignificant, pieces of the mosaic for these 30 years, from the antecedents of the foundation, certain characteristics of the organization and operation, to the international and domestic embeddedness, to the question of MAB's place in Hungarian higher education. After presenting the beginnings, the primary organizing principle of the text is thematic, the historical thread appears within the topics.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető 'EZ A KIS REMÉNYTELEN VÁROS ITT’ – NÉMETALFÖLD OKTATÁSI KAPCSOLATAI OLMÜTZ-CEL(2023-06-26) Wilken, EngelbrechtThe year 2022 marked the 75 th anniversary of the appointment of Aimé van Santen, then first secretary of the mission of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Prague, which reopened after the liberation of Czechoslovakia in August 1945, as a lecturer in Dutch at the University of Olomouc, reconstituted in February 1947. This article examines academic links between Olomouc and the Low Countries from the 16 th through the 20 th century and the circumstances of the beginning of the study of Dutch there in 1947.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető IRATOK AZ EPERJESI EVANGÉLIKUS JOGAKADÉMIA VÁLSÁGOS TANÉVÉRŐL 1918-1919(2023-11-06) Durovics, AlexThe famous and historic College of Eperjes during the First World War included a high school, theology, a law academy and a teacher training-school. For an institution that suffered the hardships of the First World War, the collapse of the Kingdom of Hungary was also a coup de grace . After a series of hardships, the representatives of the new power no longer welcomed this ancient institution of the city. I would like to present now a brief selection of archival sources from this sad period.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető JÓTANÁCSOK KÖNYVTÁRAM MAJDANI ÉRTÉKESÍTŐI SZÁMÁRA(2023-06-26) Virágos, MártaIn a detailed letter, László Országh decided the fate of his library already in the mid-seventies, the original handwritten form of which is kept in the University and National Library of the University of Debrecen. We are publishing the letter in its original form.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető NAGYSZEBENI JOGAKADÉMIA TANÁRAI (1844–1887) REKONSTRUKCIÓS KÍSÉRLET(2024-05-06) P.Szabó, BélaAn Experiment to Reconstruction. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the law academies in Hungary and Transylvania played an important role in the training of the intellectuals of the multi-ethnic Carpathian Basin, especially in the training of officials. Perhaps the most unusual of these institutions was the History of the Academy of Law in Sibiu. To the best of our knowledge, the following data archive is the first attempt to reconstruct the composition of the teaching staff of the Academy of Law in Sibiu over the slightly more than four decades of its existence. The compilation is based on available printed and archival sources.Tétel Szabadon hozzáférhető TUDOMÁNYOK FEJLŐDÉSE AZ OLMÜTZI EGYETEMEN A 17-18. SZÁZADBAN(2024-05-06) Spacilova, LibuscThe Jesuits founded a grammar school in Olomouc in 1566, adding a philosophy faculty in 1576 and a theology faculty in 1582. The document describing the Jesuit educational system, Ratio et institutio studiorum, divided education into three stages, the highest of which was called studia superiora, and included philosophy and theology. From the second year onwards, students studied mathematics, astronomy and geography, and in the third year, from 1637 onwards, ethics. The Jesuits did not pay much attention to the teaching of the natural sciences, as these subjects undermined the authority of the Church and contradicted fundamental Church dogma. As a result, in the second half of the 17th century and the early 18th century, only very sporadic research and education in the sciences developed. Nevertheless, the University of Olomouc did have professors engaged in mathematical, physical and astronomical research, including a number of foreign-born scientists. In scholastic disputations, topics approved by the ecclesiastical authorities, mostly controversial, were discussed. Nonetheless, we do find here scientific topics in philosophy, biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics, although not in as large a number as would have been desirable.